Imidazo-pyridines as corticotropin releasing factor antagonists

ABSTRACT

The present invention describes novel imidazo-pyridines of formula I:wherein D is aryl or heteroaryl or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, which are useful as corticotropin releasing factor antagonists.

This application is a division of U.S. Ser. No. 09/344,257, filed Jun. 25, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,365,589, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/091,515, filed Jul. 2, 1998.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to novel imidazo-pyridines, -pyridazines, and -triazines, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and methods of using same in the treatment of psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases including affective disorder, anxiety, depression, headache, irritable bowel syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, supranuclear palsy, immune suppression, Alzheimer's disease, gastrointestinal diseases, anorexia nervosa or other feeding disorder, drug addiction, drug or alcohol withdrawal symptoms, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular or heart-related diseases, fertility problems, human immunodeficiency virus infections, hemorrhagic stress, obesity, infertility, head and spinal cord traumas, epilepsy, stroke, ulcers, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, hypoglycemia or a disorder the treatment of which can be effected or facilitated by antagonizing corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), including but not limited to disorders induced or facilitated by CRF.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Corticotropin releasing factor, a 41 amino acid peptide, is the primary physiological regulator of proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptide secretion from the anterior pituitary gland [J. Rivier et al., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 80:4851 (1983); W. Vale et al., Science 213:1394 (1981)]. In addition to its endocrine role at the pituitary gland, immunohistochemical localization of CRF has demonstrated that the hormone has a broad extrahypothalamic distribution in the central nervous system and produces a wide spectrum of autonomic, electrophysiological and behavioral effects consistent with a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator role in brain [W. Vale et al., Rec. Prog. Horm. Res. 39:245 (1983); G. F. Koob, Persp. Behav. Med. 2:39 (1985); E. B. De Souza et al., J. Neurosci. 5:3189 (1985)]. There is also evidence that CRF plays a significant role in integrating the response of the immune system to physiological, psychological, and immunological stressors [J. E. Blalock, Physiological Reviews 69:1 (1989); J. E. Morley, Life Sci. 41:527 (1987)].

Clinical data provides evidence that CRF has a role in psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases including depression, anxiety-related disorders and feeding disorders. A role for CRF has also been postulated in the etiology and pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as they relate to the dysfunction of CRF neurons in the central nervous system [for it review see E. B. De Souza, Hosp. Practice 23:59 (1988)].

In affective disorder, or major depression, the concentration of CRF is significantly increased in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of drug-free individuals [C. B. Nemeroff et al., Science 226:1342 (1984); C. M. Banki et al., Am. J. Psychiatry 144:873 (1987); R. D. France et al., Biol. Psychiatry 28:86 (1988); M. Arato et al., Biol Psychiatry 25:355 (1989)]. Furthermore, the density of CRF receptors is significantly decreased in the frontal cortex of suicide victims, consistent with a hypersecretion of CRF [C. B. Nemeroff et al., Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 45:577 (1988)]. In addition, there is a blunted adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) response to CRF (i.v. administered) observed in depressed patients [P. W. Gold et al., Am J. Psychiatry 141:619 (1984); F. Holsboer et al., Psychoneuroendocrinology 9:147 (1984); P. W. Gold et al., New Eng. J. Med. 314:1129 (1986)]. Preclinical studies in rats and non-human primates provide additional support for the hypothesis that hypersecretion of CRF may be involved in the symptoms seen in human depression [R. M. Sapolsky, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 46:1047 (1989)]. There is preliminary evidence that tricyclic antidepressants can alter CRF levels and thus modulate the numbers of CRF receptors in brain [Grigoriadis et al., Neuropsychopharmacology 2:53 (1989)].

There has also been a role postulated for CRF in the etiology of anxiety-related disorders. CRF produces anxiogenic effects in animals and interactions between benzodiazepine/non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics and CRF have been demonstrated in a variety of behavioral anxiety models [D. R. Britton et al., Life Sci. 31:363 (1982); C. W. Berridge and A. J. Dunn Regul. Peptides 16:83 (1986)]. Preliminary studies using the putative CRF receptor antagonist α-helical ovine CRF (9-41) in a variety of behavioral paradigms demonstrate that the antagonist produces “anxiolytic-like” effects that are qualitatively similar to the benzodiazepines [C. W. Berridge and A. J. Dunn, Horm. Behav. 21:393 (1987), Brain Research Reviews 15:71 (1990)]. Neurochemical, endocrine and receptor binding studies have all demonstrated interactions between CRF and benzodiazepine anxiolytics providing further evidence for the involvement of CRF in these disorders. Chlordiazepoxide attenuates the “anxiogenic” effects of CRF in both the conflict test [K. T. Britton et al., Psychopharmacology 86:170 (1985); K. T. Britton et al., Psychopharmacology 94:306 (1988)] and in the acoustic startle test [N. R. Swerdlow et al., Psychopharmacology 88:147 (1986)] in rats. The benzodiazepine receptor antagonist (Ro15-1788), which was without behavioral activity alone in the operant conflict test, reversed the effects of CRF in a dose-dependent manner while the benzodiazepine inverse agonist (FG7142) enhanced the actions of CRF [K. T. Britton et al., Psychopharmacology 94:306 (1988)].

The mechanisms and sites of action through which the standard anxiolytics and antidepressants produce their therapeutic effects remain to be elucidated. It has been hypothesized however, that they are involved in the suppression of the CRF hypersecretion that is observed in these disorders. Of particular interest is that preliminary studies examining the effects of a CRF receptor antagonist (α-helical CRF₉₋₄₁) in a variety of behavioral paradigms have demonstrated that the CRF antagonist produces “anxiolytic-like” effects qualitatively similar to the benzodiazepines [for review see G. F. Koob and K. T. Britton, In: Corticotropin-Releasing Factor: Basic and Clinical Studies of a Neuropeptide, E. B. De Souza and C. B. Nemeroff eds., CRC Press p221 (1990)].

In view of the above, efficacious and specific antagonists of CRF are desired as potentially valuable therapeutic agents for the treatment of psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases. It is thus desirable to discover new CRF antagonists.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide novel imidazo-pyridines, -pyridazines, and -triazines, which are useful as CRF antagonists or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.

It is another object of the present invention to provide pharmaceutical compositions comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of the compounds of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for treating psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases comprising administering to a host in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of the compounds of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof.

These and other objects, which will become apparent during the following detailed description, have been achieved by the inventors' discovery that compounds of formula I:

or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, wherein R¹, R², R³, and R⁴ are defined below, are CRF antagonists.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[1] Thus, in a first embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula I:

or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein:

A is N or C—R⁷;

B is N or C—R⁸;

D is an aryl or heteroaryl group attached through an unsaturated carbon atom;

X is selected from the group CH—R⁹, N—R¹⁰, O, S(O)_(n) and a bond;

n is 0, 1 or 2;

R¹ is selected from the group C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkynyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, —SO₂—C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, —SO₂—R^(1a), and —SO₂—R^(1b);

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —CO₂R^(13a), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —CONR^(13a)R^(16a), 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, —NR^(13a)—, —NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—, and wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b);

R¹ is also substituted with 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), R^(1c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl which is substitute d with 0-1 R⁹ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—;

provided that R¹ is other than a cyclohexyl-(CH₂)₂— group;

R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-1 —OR¹⁷ and 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a);

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-onyl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a) and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b);

R^(1c) is heterocyclyl and is a saturated or partially saturated heteroaryl, each heterocyclyl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR^(13a), SH, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —OC(O)R^(14b), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), and —CONR^(13a)R^(16a) and each heterocyclyl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b) and wherein any sulfur atom is optionally monooxidized or dioxidized;

provided that R¹ is other than a —(CH₂)₁₋₄-aryl, —(CH₂)₁₋₄-heteroaryl, or —(CH₂)₁₋₄-heterocycle, wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocycle group is substituted or unsubstituted;

R² is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl and is substituted with 0-3 substituents selected from the group —CN, hydroxy, halo and C₁₋₄ alkoxy;

alternatively R², in the case where X is a bond, is selected from the group —CN, CF₃ and C₂F₅;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, Br, Cl , F, I, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, amino, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino and phenyl, each phenyl is substituted with 0-3 groups selected from the group C₁₋₇ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkyl sulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, C₁₋₆ alkylamino and (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino;

R⁹ and R¹⁰ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl;

R¹³ is selected from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-;

R^(13a) and R^(16a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁴ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)- and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(14a) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(14b) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁵ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl and benzyl, each phenyl or benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-3 groups chosen from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(15a) is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁷ is selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, R¹⁴S(O)_(n)—C-₁₋₄ alkyl, and R^(17b)R^(19b)N—C₂₋₄ alkyl;

R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

alternatively, in an NR¹⁷R¹⁹ moiety, R¹⁷ and R¹⁹ taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴;

alternatively, in an NR^(17b)R^(19b) moiety, R^(17b) and R^(19b) taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴;

R^(17a) and R^(19a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

aryl is independently selected at each occurrence from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each aryl being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylenedioxy, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —OR¹⁷, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —NO₂, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and up to 1 phenyl, each phenyl substituent being substituted with 0-4 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, dimethylamino, CF₃, C₂F₅, OCF₃, SO₂Me and acetyl;

heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹⁵, CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14a) and SO₂R^(14a); and,

provided that when D is imidazole or triazole, R¹ is other than unsubstituted C₁₋₆ linear or branched alkyl or C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl.

[2] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Ia:

[3] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Ib:

[4] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Ic:

[5] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id:

[5a] In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

X is selected from the group O, S(O)_(n) and a bond;

n is 0, 1 or 2;

R¹ is selected from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl;

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —CO₂R^(13a), and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, NR^(13a)—, —NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—;

R¹ is also substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 R⁹ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—;

provided that R¹ is other than a cyclohexyl-(CH₂)₂— group;

R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl and indanyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-1 —OR¹⁷ and 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a);

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, and indazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, —OR¹⁷, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a) and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b);

provided that R¹ is other than a —(CH₂)₁₋₄-aryl or —(CH₂)₁₋₄-heteroaryl wherein the aryl or heteroaryl group is substituted or unsubstituted;

R² is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl and is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, OH, Cl, F, and C₁₋₄ alkoxy;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from the group H, Br, Cl, F, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, and (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂-amino;

R⁹ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl;

R¹³ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl, aryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-, and heteroaryl (C₁₋₂ alkyl)-;

R^(13a) and R^(16a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁴ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl, aryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-, and heteroaryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-;

R^(14a) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl;

R^(14b) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl;

R¹⁵ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl and benzyl, each phenyl or benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-3 groups chosen from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(15a) is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

alternatively, in an NR¹⁷R¹⁹ moiety, R¹⁷ and R¹⁹ taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴;

R^(17a) and R^(19a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

aryl is phenyl substituted with 1-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —OR¹⁷, Br, Cl , F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹; and,

heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted 1-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —OR¹⁷, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹⁵, CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14a) and SO₂R^(14a).

[5b] In an even more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

X is selected from the group O, S and a bond

R¹ is substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —ON, —CO₂R^(13a), and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, and —NR^(13a)—;

R¹ is also substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 CH₃ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—;

provided that R¹ is other than a cyclohexyl-(CH₂)₂— group;

R^(1a) is aryl and is phenyl substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, and OCF₃, and 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂;

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, and indazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-3 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group CH₃, CO₂CH₃, COCH₃ and SO₂CH₃;

provided that R¹ is other than a —(CH₂)₁₋₄-aryl or —(CH₂)₁₋₄-heteroaryl wherein the aryl or heteroaryl group is substituted or unsubstituted;

R² is selected from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, and CH₂CH₂CH₃;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from the group H, CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, and CH₂CH₂CH₃;

aryl is phenyl substituted with 2-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, CCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂; and,

heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, indolyl, benzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, and benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 2-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group CH₃, CO₂CH₃, COCH₃ and SO₂CH₃.

[5c] In a still more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is substituted C₁;

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —CO₂CH₃, and —CO₂CH₂CH₃;

R¹ is also substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₃CH₃, —CH═CH₂, —CH═CH(CH₃), —CH≡CH, —CH≡C(CH₃), CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, F, CF₃, cyclopropyl, CH₃-cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, CH₃-cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, CH3-cyclopentyl;

R^(1a) is phenyl substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, and OCF₃, and 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃;

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, and tetrazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-3 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group CH₃, CO₂CH₃, COCH₃ and SO₂CH₃;

provided that R¹ is other than a —(CH₂)₁₋₄-aryl or —(CH₂)₁₋₄-heteroaryl wherein the aryl or heteroaryl group is substituted or unsubstituted;

R² is selected from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, and CH(CH₃)₂;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from the group H and CH₃;

aryl is phenyl substituted with 2-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂; and,

heteroaryl is pyridyl substituted on 2-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂.

[5d] In a further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is substituted (cyclopropyl)-C₁ alkyl or (cyclobutyl)-C₁ alkyl;

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 —CN;

R¹ is also substituted with 0-1 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₃CH₃, —CH═CH₂, —CH═CH(CH₃), —CH≡CH, —CH≡C(CH₃), —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, F, CF₃, cyclopropyl, and CH₃-cyclopropyl;

R^(1a) is phenyl substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, and OCF₃, and 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃;

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, and pyrazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-3 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCF3, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃.

[5e] In another further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is (cyclopropyl)C₁ alkyl or (cyclobutyl)-C₁ alkyl substituted with 1 substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₃CH₃, —CH═CH₂, —CH═CH(CH₃), —CH≡CH, —CH≡C(CH₃), —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, F, CF₃, cyclopropyl, and CH₃-cyclopropyl;

R^(1a) is phenyl substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, Cl, F, and CF₃;

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group furanyl, thienyl, and isoxazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-2 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, OCH₃, Cl, F, and CF₃.

[5f] In an even further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is selected from the group

R¹ is selected from the group (cyclopropyl)CH—CH₃, (cyclopropyl)CH—CH₂CH₃, (cyclopropyl)CH—CH₂OCH₃, (cyclopropyl)CH—CH₂CH₂CH₃, (cyclopropyl)CH—CH₂CH₂OCH₃, (cyclopropyl)₂CH, phenyl(cyclopropyl)CH, furanyl(cyclopropyl)CH, thienyl(cyclopropyl)CH, isoxazolyl(cyclopropyl)CH, (CH₃-furanyl)(cyclopropyl)CH, (cyclobutyl)CH—CH₃, (cyclobutyl)CH—CH₂CH₃, (cyclobutyl)CH—CH₂OCH₃, (cyclobutyl)CH—CH₂CH₂CH₃, (cyclobutyl)CH—CH₂CH₂OCH₃, (cyclobutyl)₂CH, phenyl(cyclobutyl)CH, furanyl(cyclobutyl)CH, thienyl(cyclobutyl)CH, isoxazolyl(cyclobutyl)CH, and (CH₃-furanyl)(cyclobutyl)CH;

[5g] In another further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

D is phenyl substituted with 2-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, and CF₃.

[5h] In another further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

D is pyridyl substituted on 2-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, and CF₃.

[5i] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein the compound is selected from the group:

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2-Chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine; and,

4-(2-Methyl-4-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-(1-methoxy)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]triazine;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof.

[5j] In another more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl;

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —CO₂R^(13a), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —CONR^(13a)R^(16a), 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl, and C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, —NR^(13a)—, —NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—, and wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b); and,

R¹ is also substituted with 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), R^(1c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —OR^(13a), C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and —NR^(13a)R^(16a).

[5k] In another even more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

X is selected from the group O, S(O)_(n) and a bond;

n is 0, 1 or 2;

R¹ is selected from the group cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, and cyclopentyl;

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —CO₂R^(13a), and C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein one carbon atom in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, —NR^(13a)—, —NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—;

R¹ is also substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl , F, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, —OR^(13a), C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and —NR^(13a)R^(16a);

R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl and indanyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-1 —OR¹⁷ and 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a);

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, and indazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl , F, CF₃, —CN, —OR¹⁷, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a) and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b);

R² is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl and is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, OH, Cl , F, and C₁₋₄ alkoxy;

R⁹ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from the group H, Br, Cl, F, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, and (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂-amino;

R¹³ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl, aryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-, and heteroaryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-;

R^(13a) and R^(16a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁴ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl, aryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-, and heteroaryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-;

R^(14a) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl;

R^(14b) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl;

R¹⁵ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl and benzyl, each phenyl or benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-3 groups chosen from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(15a) is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

alternatively, in an NR¹⁷R¹⁹ moiety, R¹⁷ and R¹⁹ taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴;

R^(17a) and R^(19a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

aryl is phenyl substituted with 1-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —OR¹⁷, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹; and,

heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted 1-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —OR¹⁷, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹⁵, CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14a) and SO₂R^(14a).

[5l] In another still more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

X is selected from the group O, S and a bond

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —CO₂R^(13a), and C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, and —NR^(13a)—;

R¹ is also substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, CF₃, —OR^(13a), —OH, —OCH₃, —OCH₂CH₃, —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, and —NR^(13a)R^(16a);

R^(1a) is aryl and is phenyl substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, and OCF₃, and 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂;

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, and indazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-3 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group CH₃, CO₂CH₃, COCH₃ and SO₂CH₃;

R² is selected from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, and CH₂CH₂CH₃;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from the group H, CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, and CH₂CH₂CH₃;

aryl is phenyl substituted with 2-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH3, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂; and,

heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, indolyl, benzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, and benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 2-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group CH₃, CO₂CH₃, COCH₃ and SO₂CH₃.

[5m] In another further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₃CH₃, —CH═CH₂, —CH═CH(CH₃), —CH≡CH, —CH≡C(CH₃), —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, F, and CF₃;

R^(1a) is phenyl substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, and OCF₃, and 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃;

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, and tetrazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-3 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group CH₃, CO₂CH₃, COCH₃ and SO₂CH₃;

R² is selected from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, and CH(CH₃)₂;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from the group H and CH₃;

aryl is phenyl substituted with 2-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂; and,

heteroaryl is pyridyl substituted on 2-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂.

[5n] In another even further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₃CH₃, —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, F, and CF₃; and,

R^(1a) is phenyl substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃.

[5o] In a still further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

D is phenyl substituted with 2-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, and CF₃.

[5p] In another still further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

D is pyridyl substituted on 2-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, and CF₃.

[5q] In another more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is selected from the group C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkynyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl;

R¹ is substituted with a C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl group, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl group is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, —NR^(13a)—, —NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—;

R¹ is also substituted with 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), R^(1c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 R⁹ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—;

provided that R¹ is other than a cyclohexyl-(CH₂)₂— group;

R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-1 —OR¹⁷ and 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a);

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-onyl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a) and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b); and,

R^(1c) is heterocyclyl and is a saturated or partially saturated heteroaryl, each heterocyclyl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR^(13a), SH, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —OC(O)R^(14b), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), and —CONR^(13a)R^(16a) and each heterocyclyl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b) and wherein any sulfur atom is optionally monooxidized or dioxidized.

[5r] In another even more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

X is selected from the group O, S(O)_(n) and a bond;

n is 0, 1 or 2;

R¹ is selected from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl;

R¹ is substituted with a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl group, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₆ cycloalkyl group is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, and —NR^(13a)—;

R¹ is also substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 R⁹ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—;

R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl and indanyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-1 —OR¹⁷ and 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CO₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a);

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, and indazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, —OR¹⁷, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a) and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b);

R² is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl and is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, OH, Cl, F, and C₁₋₄ alkoxy;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from the group H, Br, Cl, F, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, NH₂, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, and (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂-amino;

R⁹ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl;

R¹³ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl, aryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-, and heteroaryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-;

R^(13a) and R^(16a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁴ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl, aryl (C₁₋₂ alkyl)-, and heteroaryl(C₁₋₂ alkyl)-;

R^(14a) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl;

R^(14b) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ haloalkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₂ alkyl;

R¹⁵ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl and benzyl, each phenyl or benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-3 groups chosen from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(15a) is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁷, R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

alternatively, in an NR¹⁷R¹⁹ moiety, R¹⁷ and R¹⁹ taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴;

R^(17a) and R^(19a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

aryl is phenyl substituted with 1-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —OR¹⁷, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹; and,

heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted 1-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —OR¹⁷, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹⁵, CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14a) and SO₂R^(14a).

[5s] In another still more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

X is selected from the group O, S and a bond

R¹ is C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹ is substituted with a C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, wherein one carbon atom in the C₄₋₆ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, and NR^(13a)—;

R¹ is also substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, F, CF₃, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 CH₃ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—;

provided that R¹ is other than a cyclohexyl-(CH₂)₂— group;

R^(1a) is aryl and is phenyl substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, and OCF₃, and 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂;

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, and indazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-3 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group CH₃, CO₂CH₃, COCH₃ and SO₂CH₃;

R² is selected from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, and CH₂CH₂CH₃;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from the group H, CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, and CH₂CH₂CH₃;

aryl is phenyl substituted with 2-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂; and,

heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, indolyl, benzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, and benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 2-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group CH₃, CO₂CH₃, COCH₃ and SO₂CH₃.

[5t] In another further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is (cyclopropyl)C₁ alkyl or (cyclobutyl)C₁ alkyl;

R¹ is substituted with 1-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₃CH₃, —CH═CH₂, —CH═CH(CH₃), —CH≡CH, —CH≡C(CH₃), —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, F, CF₃, cyclopropyl, CH₃-cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, CH₃-cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, CH₃-cyclopentyl;

R^(1a) is phenyl substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, and OCF₃, and 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃;

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, and tetrazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-3 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group CH₃, CO₂CH₃, COCH₃ and SO₂CH₃;

R² is selected from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, and CH(CH₃)₂;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected from the group H and CH₃;

aryl is phenyl substituted with 2-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂; and,

heteroaryl is pyridyl substituted on 2-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, SCH₃, SO₂CH₃, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, and —C(O)N(CH₃)₂.

[5u] In another even further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

R¹ is (cyclopropyl)C₁ alkyl or (cyclobutyl)C₁ alkyl;

R¹ is substituted with 1-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, —(CH₂)₃CH₃, —CH═CH₂, —CH═CH(CH₃), —CH≡CH, —CH≡C(CH₃), —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, F, CF₃, cyclopropyl, and CH₃-cyclopropyl;

R^(1a) is phenyl substituted with 0-2 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃;

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, and pyrazolyl, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-3 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, CF₃, —CN, and SCH₃.

[5v] In another further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

D is phenyl substituted with 2-4 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, and CF₃.

[5w] In another further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a novel compound of formula Id, wherein:

D is pyridyl substituted on 2-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group CH₃, CH₂CH₃, CH(CH₃)₂, CH₂CH₂CH₃, cyclopropyl, OCH₃, OCH₂CH₃, OCH(CH₃)₂, OCH₂CH₂CH₃, OCF₃, Br, Cl, F, and CF₃.

[6] In a second embodiment, the present invention provides a novel method of treating affective disorder, anxiety, depression, headache, irritable bowel syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, supranuclear palsy, immune suppression, Alzheimer's disease, gastrointestinal diseases, anorexia nervosa or other feeding disorder, drug addiction, drug or alcohol withdrawal symptoms, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular or heart-related diseases, fertility problems, human immunodeficiency virus infections, hemorrhagic stress, obesity, infertility, head and spinal cord traumas, epilepsy, stroke, ulcers, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, hypoglycemia or a disorder the treatment of which can be effected or facilitated by antagonizing CRF, including but not limited to disorders induced or facilitated by CRF, in mammals, comprising: administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I):

or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein:

A is N or C—R⁷;

B is N or C—R⁸;

D is an aryl or heteroaryl group attached through an unsaturated carbon atom;

X is selected from the group CH—R⁹, N—R¹⁰, O, S(O)_(n) and a bond;

n is 0, 1 or 2;

R¹ is selected from the group C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkynyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, —SO₂—C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, —SO₂—R^(1a), and —SO₂—R^(1b);

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —CO₂R^(13a), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —CONR^(13a)R^(16a), 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, —NR^(13a)—, —NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—, and wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b);

R¹ is also substituted with 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), R^(1c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 R⁹ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—;

R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a);

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-onyl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a) and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b);

R^(1c) is heterocyclyl and is a saturated or partially saturated heteroaryl, each heterocyclyl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR^(13a), SH, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —OC(O)R^(14b), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), and —CONR^(13a)R^(16a) and each heterocyclyl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b) and wherein any sulfur atom is optionally monooxidized or dioxidized;

R² is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl and is substituted with 0-3 substituents selected from the group —CN, hydroxy, halo and C₁₋₄ alkoxy;

alternatively R², in the case where X is a bond, is selected from the group —CN, CF₃ and C₂F₅;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, amino, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino and phenyl, each phenyl is substituted with 0-3 groups selected from the group C₁₋₇ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkyl sulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, C₁₋₆ alkylamino and (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino;

R⁹ and R¹⁰ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl;

R¹³ is selected from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl (C₁₋₄ alkyl)-;

R^(13a) and R^(16a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁴ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)- and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(14a) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(14b) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁵ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl and benzyl, each phenyl or benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-3 groups chosen from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(15a) is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁷ is selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, R¹⁴S(O)_(n)—C₁₋₄ alkyl, and R^(17b)R^(19b)N—C₂₋₄ alkyl;

R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

alternatively, in an NR¹⁷R¹⁹ moiety, R¹⁷ and R¹⁹ taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴;

alternatively, in an NR^(17b)R^(19b) moiety, R^(17b) and R^(19b) taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴;

R^(17a) and R^(19a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

aryl is independently selected at each occurrence from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each aryl being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylenedioxy, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —OR¹⁷, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —NO₂, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and up to 1 phenyl, each phenyl substituent being substituted with 0-4 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, dimethylamino, CF₃, C₂F₅, OCF₃, SO₂Me and acetyl; and,

heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹⁵, CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14a) and SO₂R^(14a).

[7] In a third embodiment, the present invention provides a novel pharmaceutical composition, comprising: a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I):

or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein:

A is N or C—R⁷;

B is N or C—R⁸;

D is an aryl or heteroaryl group attached through an unsaturated carbon atom;

X is selected from the group CH—R⁹, N—R¹⁰, O, S(O)_(n) and a bond;

n is 0, 1 or 2;

R¹ is selected from the group C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkynyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, —SO₂—C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, —SO₂—R^(1a), and —S₂—R^(1b);

R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —CO₂R^(13a), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —CONR^(13a)R^(16a), 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, —NR^(13a), NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—, and wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b);

R¹ is also substituted with 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), R^(1c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 R⁹ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—;

R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a);

R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-onyl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a) and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b);

R^(1c) is heterocyclyl and is a saturated or partially saturated heteroaryl, each heterocyclyl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR^(13a), SH, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —OC(O)R^(14b), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), and —CONR^(13a)R^(16a) and each heterocyclyl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b) and wherein any sulfur atom is optionally monooxidized or dioxidized;

R² is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl and is substituted with 0-3 substituents selected from the group —CN, hydroxy, halo and C₁₋₄ alkoxy;

alternatively R², in the case where X is a bond, is selected from the group —CN, CF₃ and C₂F₅;

R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, amino, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino and phenyl, each phenyl is substituted with 0-3 groups selected from the group C₁₋₇ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkyl sulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, C₁₋₆ alkylamino and (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino;

R⁹ and R¹⁰ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl;

R¹³ is selected from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-;

R^(13a) and R^(16a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁴ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)- and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(14a) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(14b) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁵ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl and benzyl, each phenyl or benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-3 groups chosen from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino;

R^(15a) is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl;

R¹⁷ is selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, R¹⁴S(O)_(n)—C₁₋₄ alkyl, and R^(17b)R^(19b)N—C₂₋₄ alkyl;

R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

alternatively, in an NR¹⁷R¹⁹ moiety, R¹⁷ and R¹⁹ taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴;

alternatively, in an NR^(17b)R^(19b) moiety, R^(17b) and R^(19b) taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴;

R^(17a) and R^(19a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl;

aryl is independently selected at each occurrence from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each aryl being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylenedioxy, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —OR¹⁷, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —NO₂, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and up to 1 phenyl, each phenyl substituent being substituted with 0-4 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, dimethylamino, CF₃, C₂F₅, OCF₃, SO₂Me and acetyl; and,

heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹⁵, CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14a) and SO₂R^(14a).

In another preferred embodiment, R¹ is other than a cyclohexyl-(CH₂)_(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10)— group;

In another preferred embodiment, R¹ is other than an aryl-(CH₂)_(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10)— group, wherein the aryl group is substituted or unsubstituted;

In another preferred embodiment, R¹ is other than a heteroaryl-(CH₂)_(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10)— group, wherein the heteroaryl group is substituted or unsubstituted;

In another preferred embodiment, R¹ is other than a heterocyclyl-(CH₂)_(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10)— group, wherein the heterocyclyl group is substituted or unsubstituted;

In another preferred embodiment, when D is imidazole or triazole, R¹ is other than unsubstituted C_(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10) linear or branched alkyl or C_(3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8) cycloalkyl.

In another preferred embodiment, R^(1a) is not substituted with OR¹⁷.

In fourth embodiment, the present invention provides intermediate compounds useful in preparation of the CRF antagonist compounds and processes for making those intermediates, as described in the following description and claims.

In a fifth embodiment, the present invention provides CRF antagonist compounds and labelled derivatives thereof as standards and reagents in determining the ability of a potential pharmaceutical to bind to the CRF receptor.

DEFINITIONS

The compounds herein described may have asymmetric centers. Compounds of the present invention containing an asymmetrically substituted atom may be isolated in optically active or racemic forms. It is well known in the art how to prepare optically active forms, such as by resolution of racemic forms or by synthesis from optically active starting materials. Many geometric isomers of olefins, C═N double bonds, and the like can also be present in the compounds described herein, and all such stable isomers are contemplated in the present invention. Cis and trans geometric isomers of the compounds of the present invention are described and may be isolated as a mixture of isomers or as separated isomeric forms. All chiral, diastereomeric, racemic forms and all geometric isomeric forms of a structure are intended, unless the specific stereochemistry or isomeric form is specifically indicated. All processes used to prepare compounds of the present invention and intermediates made therein are considered to be part of the present invention.

The term “substituted,” as used herein, means that any one or more hydrogens on the designated atom is replaced with a selection from the indicated group, provided that the designated atom's normal valency is not exceeded, and that the substitution results in a stable compound. When a substitent is keto (i.e., ═O), then 2 hydrogens on the atom are replaced. Keto substituents are not present on aromatic moieties.

The present invention is intended to include all isotopes of atoms occurring in the present compounds. Isotopes include those atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. By way of general example and without limitation, isotopes of hydrogen include tritium and deuterium. Isotopes of carbon include C-13 and C-14.

When any variable (e.g., R⁶) occurs more than one time in any constituent or formula for a compound, its definition at each occurrence is independent of its definition at every other occurrence. Thus, for example, if a group is shown to be substituted with 0-2 R⁶, then said group may optionally be substituted with up to two R⁶ groups and R⁶ at each occurrence is selected independently from the definition of R⁶. Also, combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.

When a bond to a substituent is shown to cross a bond connecting two atoms in a ring, then such substituent may be bonded to any atom on the ring. When a substituent is listed without indicating the atom via which such substituent is bonded to the rest of the compound of a given formula, then such substituent may be bonded via any atom in such substituent. Combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.

As used herein, “alkyl” is intended to include both branched and straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having the specified number of carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, and s-pentyl. “Haloalkyl” is intended to include both branched and straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having the specified number of carbon atoms, substituted with 1 or more halogen (for example —C_(v)F_(w) where v=1 to 3 and w=1 to (2v+1)). Examples of haloalkyl include, but are not limited to, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, and pentachloroethyl. “Alkoxy” represents an alkyl group as defined above with the indicated number of carbon atoms attached through an oxygen bridge. Examples of alkoxy include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, n-pentoxy, and s-pentoxy. “Cycloalkyl” is intended to include saturated ring groups, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopentyl. Alkenyl” is intended to include hydrocarbon chains of either a straight or branched configuration and one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds which may occur in any stable point along the chain, such as ethenyl and propenyl. “Alkynyl” is intended to include hydrocarbon chains of either a straight or branched configuration and one or more triple carbon-carbon bonds which may occur in any stable point along the chain, such as ethynyl and propynyl.

“Halo” or “halogen” as used herein refers to fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo; and “counter-ion” is used to represent a small, negatively charged species such as chloride, bromide, hydroxide, acetate, sulfate, and the like.

“Halo” or “halogen” as used herein refers to fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo; and “counterion” is used to represent a small, negatively charged species such as chloride, bromide, hydroxide, acetate, and sulfate.

As used herein, “carbocycle” or “carbocyclic residue” is intended to mean any stable 3- to 7-membered monocyclic or bicyclic or 7-to 13-membered bicyclic or tricyclic, any of which may be saturated, partially unsaturated, or aromatic. Examples of such carbocycles include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, adamantyl, cyclooctyl, [3.3.0]bicyclooctane, [4.3.0]bicyclononane, [4.4.0]bicyclodecane, [2.2.2]bicyclooctane, fluorenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl, adamantyl, and tetrahydronaphthyl.

As used herein, the term “heterocycle” or “heterocyclic systems” is intended to mean a stable 5-to 7-membered monocyclic or bicyclic or 7-to 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring which is saturated partially unsaturated or unsaturated (aromatic), and which consists of carbon atoms and from 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O and S and including any bicyclic group in which any of the above-defined heterocyclic rings is fused to a benzene ring. The nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms may optionally be oxidized. The heterocyclic ring may be attached to its pendant group at any heteroatom or carbon atom which results in a stable structure. The heterocyclic rings described herein may be substituted on carbon or on a nitrogen atom if the resulting compound is stable. A nitrogen in the heterocycle may optionally be quaternized. It is preferred that when the total number of S and O atoms in the heterocycle exceeds 1, then these heteroatoms are not adjacent to one another. It is preferred that the total number of S and O atoms in the heterocycle is not more than 1. As used herein, the term “aromatic heterocyclic system” is intended to mean a all stable 5-to 7-membered monocyclic or bicyclic or 7-to 10-membered bicyclic heterocyclic aromatic ring which consists of carbon atoms and from 1 to 4 heterotams independently selected from the group consisting of N, O and S. It is preferred that the total number of S and O atoms in the aromatic heterocycle is not more than 1.

Examples of heterocycles include, but are not limited to, acridinyl, azocinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benztriazolyl, benztetrazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzimidazolinyl, carbazolyl, 4aH-carbazolyl, carbolinyl, chromanyl, chromenyl, cinnolinyl, decahydroquinolinyl, 2H,6H-1,5,2-dithiazinyl, dihydrofuro[2,3-b]tetrahydrofuran, furanyl, furazanyl, imidazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolyl, 1H-indazolyl, indolenyl, indolinyl, indolizinyl, indolyl, 3H-indolyl, isobenzofuranyl, isochromanyl, isoindazolyl, isoindolinyl, isoindolyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, morpholinyl, naphthyridinyl, octahydroisoquinolinyl, oxadiazolyl, 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl, oxazolidinyl, oxazolyl, oxazolidinyl, pyrimidinyl, phenanthridinyl, phenanthrolinyl, phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxathiinyl, phenoxazinyl, phthalazinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyranyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyridooxazole, pyridoimidazole, pyridothiazole, pyridinyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, 4H-quinolizinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinuclidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, 6H-1,2,5-thiadiazinyl, 1,2,3-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,2,5-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, thianthrenyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, thienothiazolyl, thienooxazolyl, thienoimidazolyl, thiophenyl, triazinyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, 1,2,5-triazolyl, 1,3,4-triazolyl, and xanthenyl. Preferred heterocycles include, but are not limited to, pyridinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, 1H-indazolyl, oxazolidinyl, benzotriazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, oxindolyl, benzoxazolinyl, and isatinoyl. Also included are fused ring and spiro compounds containing, for example, the above heterocycles.

The phrase “pharmaceutically acceptable” is employed herein to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

As used herein, “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” refer to derivatives of the disclosed compounds wherein the parent compound is modified by making acid or base salts thereof. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, mineral or organic acid salts of basic residues such as amines; and alkali or organic salts of acidic residues such as carboxylic acids. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the conventional non-toxic salts or the quaternary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, for example, from non-toxic inorganic or organic acids. For example, such conventional non-toxic salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, and nitric; and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, pamoic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, phenylacetic, glutamic, benzoic, salicylic, sulfanilic, 2-acetoxybenzoic, fumaric, toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic, and isethionic.

The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the present invention can be synthesized from the parent compound which contains a basic or acidic moiety by conventional chemical methods. Generally, such salts can be prepared by reacting the free acid or base forms of these compounds with a stoichiometric amount of the appropriate base or acid in water or in an organic solvent, or in a mixture of the two; generally, nonaqueous media like ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, or acetonitrile are preferred. Lists of suitable salts are found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17th ed., Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., 1985, p. 1418, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

“Prodrugs” are intended to include any covalently bonded carriers which release the active parent drug according to formula (I) in vivo when such prodrug is administered to a mammalian subject. Prodrugs of a compound of formula (I) are prepared by modifying functional groups present in the compound in such a way that the modifications are cleaved, either in routine manipulation or in vivo, to the parent compound. Prodrugs include compounds of formula (I) wherein a hydroxy, amino, or sulfhydryl group is bonded to any group that, when the prodrug or compound of formula (I) is administered to a mammalian subject, cleaves to form a free hydroxyl, free amino, or free sulfhydryl group, respectively. Examples of prodrugs include, but are not limited to, acetate, formate and benzoate derivatives of alcohol and amine functional groups in the compounds of formula (I), and the like.

“Stable compound” and “stable structure” are meant to indicate a compound that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation to a useful degree of purity from a reaction mixture, and formulation into an efficacious therapeutic agent.

“Substituted” is intended to indicate that one or more hydrogens on the atom indicated in the expression using “substituted” is replaced with a selection from the indicated group(s), provided that the indicated atom's normal valency is not exceeded, and that the substitution results in a stable compound. When a substituent is keto (i.e., ═O) group, then 2 hydrogens on the atom are replaced.

“Therapeutically effective amount” is intended to include an amount of a compound of the present invention or an amount of the combination of compounds claimed effective to inhibit HIV infection or treat the symptoms of HIV infection in a host. The combination of compounds is preferably a synergistic combination. Synergy, as described for example by Chou and Talalay, Adv. Enzyme Regul. 22:27-55 (1984), occurs when the effect (in this case, inhibition of HIV replication) of the compounds when administered in combination is greater than the additive effect of the compounds when administered alone as a single agent. In general, a synergistic effect is most clearly demonstrated at suboptimal concentrations of the compounds. Synergy can be in terms of lower cytotoxicity, increased antiviral effect, or some other beneficial effect of the combination compared with the individual components.

Combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds. A stable compound or stable structure is meant to imply a compound that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation to a useful degree of purity from a reaction mixture, and formulation into an effective therapeutic agent.

The term “therapeutically effective amount” of a compound of this invention means an amount effective to antagonize abnormal level of CRF or treat the symptoms of affective disorder, anxiety or depression in a host.

SYNTHESIS

The compounds of the present invention can be prepared in a number of ways well known to one skilled in the art of organic synthesis. The compounds of the present invention can be synthesized using the methods described below, together with synthetic methods known in the art of synthetic organic chemistry, or variations thereon as appreciated by those skilled in the art. Preferred methods include but are not limited to those methods described below. Each of the references cited below are hereby incorporated herein by reference.

The following abbreviations are used herein:

AcOH acetic acid

t-BuOK potassium tert-butoxide

DEAD diethyl azodicarboxylate

DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide

EtOAcethyl acetate

EtOH ethanol

NaHMDS sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide

PPh₃ triphenylphosphine

THF tetrahydrofuran

TLC thin layer chromatography

The compounds of this invention of formula (Ia) may be prepared using the methods shown in Scheme 1. In this procedure the 5-chloro-3,4-diaminopyridazine precursor may be cyclized to the desired imidazopyridiazines using orthoesters (for R²—X—=H, alkyl, alkoxy, etc.), orthocarbonates, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters, alkyl imidates and other reagents appropriate to the product desired, and reaction conditions known to those skilled in the art of organic synthesis. The synthesis of the starting material where R⁸=H, and the chemistry thereof has been described by Kurashi and Castle (J. Het. Chem. 1964, 1, 42).

The imidazolepyridazine may then be N-alkylated using, for example, base promoted conditions (e.g., NaHMDS/R¹-LG, where LG=halide, sulfonate, or other appropriate leaving group) or Mitsunobu reaction conditions (e.g., DEAD/PPh₃/R¹—OH). The compounds of formula (Ia) are then formed by cross coupling with an appropriate arylboronic acid, arylstannane, or arylzinc reagent under known conditions. In the case where R¹ is a protecting group such as benzyl, p-methoxybenzyl, or tetrahydropyranyl (J. Het. Chem. 1968, 5, 13), the group may be removed and N-alkylation at this point gives compounds of formula (Ia).

Compounds of formula (Ia) may also be prepared via the method outlined in Scheme 2. Commercially available 4,5-dibromo-pyridazin-3-one is N and/or O benzylated then cross coupled in, for example, a Suzuki reaction (D-B(OH)₂/Pd(PPh₃)₄/Na₂CO₃) followed by deprotection. Chlorination using, for example, POCl₃ gives a chloro-pyridazine which may then be reacted for example, with an amidine. N-alkylation of the resulting bicyclic compound using the methods described above affords the desired compounds of formula (Ia).

Compounds of formula (Ia) may also be prepared via the method outlined in Scheme 2b. In this procedure, a 2-chloroacetophenone is condensed with a dialkyl malonate (e.g., TiCl₄/CCl₄/pyridine/THF) or nitroacetate. The product from this reaction is treated with hydrazine to give an intermediate which is oxidized using, for example, DDQ or NBS to give the pyridazinone intermediate. Chlorination (or bromination) using POCl₃ (or POBr₃) affords a chloro- (or bromo-) pyridazine intermediate.

This intermediate, where Y=ester in Scheme 2b, may now be converted to the acid (e.g., LiOH/H₂O/MeOH/THF) and then subjected to conditions such as the Curtius reaction or modifications thereof (e.g., DPPA, Et₃N, t-BuOH; TFA/CH₂Cl₂), which transform the acid to an amino group. Substitution of the halide with an appropriate amine using, for example, nucleophilic substitution or cross-coupling reactions, affords an intermediate which can then be converted to the desired imidazopyridiazines (Ia) by cyclization using orthoesters (for R²—X—=H, alkyl, alkoxy, etc.), orthocarbonates, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters, alkyl imidates and other reagents appropriate to the product desired, and reaction conditions known to those skilled in the art of organic synthesis.

The intermediate where Y=NO₂ in Scheme 2b may be treated with an appropriate amine using, for example, nucleophilic substitution conditions. Reduction of the nitro group to the amine (e.g., Fe/AcOH or sodium dithionite/water/EtOH) affords an intermediate which can then be converted to the desired imidazopyridiazines (Ia) by cyclization using orthoesters (for R²—X—=H, alkyl, alkoxy, etc.), orthocarbonates, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters, alkyl imidates and other reagents appropriate to the product desired, and reaction conditions known to those skilled in the art of organic synthesis.

The compounds of this invention of formula (Id) may be prepared using the methods shown in Scheme 3. In this procedure, the 3,4-diamino-5-nitropyridine precursor may be cyclized to the desired imidazopyridines using orthoesters (for R²—X—=H, alkyl, alkoxy, etc.), orthocarbonates, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters, alkyl imidates and other reagents appropriate to the product desired, and reaction conditions known to those skilled in the art of organic synthesis. The synthesis of the precursor where R⁷ and R⁸=H, and the chemistry thereof has been described by Graboyes and Day (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 6421). Reduction of the nitro group using, for example, stannous chloride, provides the amino compound. Conversion of the amino group to a chloride, bromide or iodide may now be effected via diazotization of the amine followed by displacement with halogen anion. The halide compounds may then be N-alkylated using, for example, base promoted conditions (e.g., NaHMDS/R¹-LG, where LG=halide, sulfonate, or other appropriate leaving group) or Mitsunobu reaction conditions (e.g., DEAD/PPh₃/R¹—OH). Cross coupling with an appropriate arylboronic acid, arylstannane, or arylzinc reagent under known conditions to yield compounds of formula (Id). In the case where R¹ is a protecting group, the group may now be removed and N-alkylation at this point gives compounds of formula (Id).

Compounds of Formula (Ib) may be prepared, using the procedures outlined in Scheme 4. The starting material (where Ra is lower alkyl, X and R2 are defined above) may be treated with a compound of the formula D—M (where M=Li, Na, MgBr, MgCl, ZnCl, CeC₂ and D is defined above) in the presence of an inert solvent at reaction temperatures ranging from −80° C. to 250° C. to provide the keto-imidazole. Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane) or aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene).

The imidazolepyridazine can then be formed by reaction with hydrazine in an inert solvent. Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, alkyl alcohols (1 to 6 carbons), dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene). Preferred reaction temperatures range from −80 to 120° C.

The hydroxypyridazine may then be treated with a halogenating agent to give halo derivatives which may be isolated or prepared in situ. Halogenating agents include, but are not limited to, SOCl₂, POCl₃, PCl₃, PCl₅, POBr₃, PBr₃ or PBr₅. These intermediates may be treated with a compound of the Formula R⁷H in the presence or absence of a base in an inert solvent. Bases may include, but are not limited to, alkali metal hydrides (preferably sodium hydride), alkali metal alkoxides (1 to 6 carbons) (preferably sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide), alkaline earth metal hydrides, alkali metal dialkylamides (preferably lithium di-isopropylamide), alkali metal bis(trialkylsilyl)amides (preferably sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide), trialkyl amines (preferably N,N-di-isopropyl-N-ethyl amine or triethylamine), aromatic amines (preferably pyridine) or alkyl-lithiums in the presence or absence of salts or complexes of Cu, Ce, Mg, Pd, Ni, Zn, Sn. Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, lower alkanenitriles (1 to 6 carbons, preferably acetonitrile), dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), N,N-dialkylformamides (preferably dimethylformamide), N,N-dialkylacetamides (preferably dimethylacetamide), cyclic amides (preferably N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one), dialkylsulfoxides (preferably dimethylsulfoxide), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene) or haloalkanes of 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 10 halogens (preferably dichloromethane). Preferred reaction temperatures range from −20 to 100° C.

The resulting compounds may then be reacted with an alkylating agent of the Formula R¹X (where R¹ is defined above) and X is halo, alkanesulfonyloxy, arylsulfonyloxy or haloalkane-sulfonyloxy) in the presence or absence of a base in an inert solvent to provide compounds of Formula (Id). Bases may include, but are not limited to, alkali metal hydrides (preferably sodium hydride), alkali metal alkoxides (1 to 6 carbons)(preferably sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide), alkaline earth metal hydrides, alkali metal dialkylamides (preferably lithium di-isopropylamide), alkali metal bis(trialkylsilyl)amides (preferably sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide), trialkyl amines (preferably N,N-di-isopropyl-N-ethyl amine or triethylamine), aromatic amines (preferably pyridine) or alkyl-lithiums in the presence or absence of salts or complexes of Cu, Ce, Mg, Pd, Ni, Zn, Sn. Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, lower alkanenitriles (1 to 6 carbons, preferably acetonitrile), dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), N,N-dialkylformamides (preferably dimethylformamide), N,N-dialkylacetamides (preferably dimethylacetamide), cyclic amides (preferably N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one), dialkylsulfoxides (preferably dimethylsulfoxide), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene) or haloalkanes of 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 10 halogens (preferably dichloromethane). Preferred reaction temperatures range from −20 to 100° C.

Alternatively, alkylation to compounds of Formula (Ib) by treatment with a azodicarboxylate ester R^(b)O₂CN═NCO₂R^(b) (where R^(b) is a lower alkyl group) and a compound of the Formula R¹OH in the presence of a triarylphosphine (where aryl is phenyl or furyl, each optionally substituted by 0 to 3 alkyl groups) in an inert solvent. Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, lower alkanenitriles (1 to 6 carbons, preferably acetonitrile), dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), N,N-dialkylformamides (preferably dimethylformamide), N,N-dialkylacetamides (preferably dimethylacetamide), cyclic amides (preferably N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one), dialkylsulfoxides (preferably dimethylsulfoxide), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene) or haloalkanes of 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 10 halogens (preferably dichloromethane). Preferred reaction temperatures range from −20 to 100° C.

Compounds of Formula (Ib) may also be prepared, using the procedures outlined in Scheme 5. The starting diester may be treated with a reducing agent in inert solvent to afford an aldehyde. Reducing agents include, but are not limited to, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal borohydrides (preferably lithium or sodium borohydride), borane, dialkylboranes (such as di-isoamylborane), alkali metal aluminum hydrides (preferably lithium aluminum hydride), alkali metal (trialkoxy)aluminum hydrides, or dialkyl aluminum hydrides (such as di-isobutylaluminum hydride). Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, alkyl alcohols (1 to 6 carbons), dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene). Preferred reaction temperatures range from −80 to 100° C.

Alternatively, the aldehyde may be prepared by a two step sequence: treatment with a reducing agent in an inert solvent, followed by treatment with an oxidizing agent in an inert solvent. Reducing agents and inert solvents are defined above. Oxidizing agents include, but are not limited to, combinations of oxalyl chloride, dimethyl sulfoxide and organic bases, MnO2, KMnO4, pyridinium dichromate, pyridinium chlorochromate or combinations of SO₃ and organic bases. Organic bases include, but are not limited to, trialkyl amines (preferably N,N-di-isopropyl-N-ethyl amine or triethylamine) or aromatic amines (preferably pyridine).

The aldehyde may then be reacted with hydrazine in an inert solvent to form an imidazole. Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, alkyl alcohols (1 to 6 carbons), dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene). Preferred reaction temperatures range from −80 to 120° C.

The hydroxy group may then be treated with sulfonylating agents in the presence or absence of a base to give alkanesulfonyloxy, arylsulfonyloxy or haloalkylsulfonyloxy derivatives, which may be isolated or used in situ. Sulfonylating agents include, but are not limited to, alkanesulfonyl halides or anhydrides (such as methanesulfonyl chloride or methanesulfonic acid anhydride), arylsulfonyl halides or anhydrides (such as p-toluenesulfonyl chloride or anhydride) or haloalkylsulfonyl halides or anhydrides (preferably trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride). Bases may include, but are not limited to, alkali metal hydrides (preferably sodium hydride), alkali metal alkoxides (1 to 6 carbons) (preferably sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide), alkaline earth metal hydrides, alkali metal dialkylamides (preferably lithium di-isopropylamide), alkali metal bis(trialkylsilyl)amides (preferably sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide), trialkyl amines (preferably N,N-di-isopropyl-N-ethyl amine or triethylamine) or aromatic amines (preferably pyridine). Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, lower alkanenitriles (1 to 6 carbons, preferably acetonitrile), dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), N,N-dialkylformamides (preferably dimethylformamide), N,N-dialkylacetamides (preferably dimethylacetamide), cyclic amides (preferably N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one), dialkylsulfoxides (preferably dimethylsulfoxide), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene) or haloalkanes of 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 10 halogens (preferably dichloromethane).

The sulfonylated intermediates may then be reacted with compounds of the formula D—B(OH)₂ in the presence of salts or complexes of Pd, Ni, or Sn, in the presence or absence of a base in an inert solvent to provide compounds of Formula (Ib). Bases may include, but are not limited to, alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkaline earth metal bicarbonates, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal bicarbonates, alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal hydrides (preferably sodium hydride), alkali metal alkoxides (1 to 6 carbons) (preferably sodium methoxide or sodium ethoxide), alkaline earth metal hydrides, alkali metal dialkylamides (preferably lithium di-isopropylamide), alkali metal bis(trialkylsilyl)amides (preferably sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide), trialkyl amines (preferably N,N-di-isopropyl-N-ethyl amine or triethylamine) or aromatic amines (preferably pyridine). Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, lower alkanenitriles (1 to 6 carbons, preferably acetonitrile), dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), N,N-dialkylformamides (preferably dimethylformamide), N,N-dialkylacetamides (preferably dimethylacetamide), cyclic amides (preferably N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one), dialkylsulfoxides (preferably dimethylsulfoxide), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene) or haloalkanes of 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 10 halogens (preferably dichloroethane).

Compounds of Formula (Ib) may also be prepared by the procedures outlined in Scheme 6. The starting imidazoles may treated with halogenating agents in an inert solvent to provide a dihalo-imidazole. Halogenating agents include, but are not limited to, SOCl₂, POCl₃, PCl₃, PCl₅, POBr₃, PBr₃ or PBr₅. Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, lower alkanenitriles (1 to 6 carbons, preferably acetonitrile), dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), N,N-dialkylformamides (preferably dimethylformamide), N,N-dialkylacetamides (preferably dimethylacetamide), cyclic amides (preferably N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one), dialkylsulfoxides (preferably dimethylsulfoxide), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene) or haloalkanes of 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 10 halogens (preferably dichloromethane).

One halogen may be replaced via treatment with a compound of Formula R^(c)M (where R^(c) is lower alkyl and M may be Li, Na, MgBr, MgCl, ZnCl, CeCl₂) in an inert solvent, followed by reaction with a compound of Formula R⁷—(C═O)—Y (where R⁷ is defined above and Y is halogen, lower alkoxy, lower alkanoyloxy or (R^(d)O)₂(P═O)O (where R^(d) is lower alkyl or phenyl)). The acyl compounds my be protected by reaction with acetal- or ketal-forming reagents (where R^(d) or R^(e) are each lower alkyl, or taken together they form a lower alkylene chain). These acetal- or ketal-forming reagents may be combinations of lower alkyl alcohols or diols and acids or trialkylorthoformates and acids. Such acids may be present in catalytic or stoichiometric amounts. Such acids include, but are not limited to, alkanoic acids of 2 to 10 carbons (preferably acetic acid), arylsulfonic acids (preferably p-toluenesulfonic acid or benzenesulfonic acid), alkanesulfonic acids of 1 to 10 carbons (preferably methanesulfonic acid), hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid. Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, alkyl alcohols (1 to 8 carbons, preferably methanol or ethanol), lower alkanenitriles (1 to 6 carbons, preferably acetonitrile), dialkyl ethers (preferably glyme or diglyme), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), N,N-dialkylformamides (preferably dimethylformamide), N,N-dialkylacetamides (preferably dimethylacetamide), cyclic amides (preferably N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one), dialkylsulfoxides (preferably dimethylsulfoxide), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene) or halocarbons of 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 10 halogens (preferably chloroform). Preferred reaction temperatures range from ambient temperature to 150° C.

Moiety D may be attached by treatment with a compound of Formula R^(c)M (where R^(c) is lower alkyl and M may be Li, Na, MgBr, MgCl, ZnCl, CeCl₂) in an inert solvent, followed by reaction with a compound of Formula D—(C═O)—Y (where D is defined above and Y is halogen, lower alkoxy, lower alkanoyloxy or (R^(d)O)₂(P═O)O (where R^(d) is lower alkyl or phenyl)). Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, dialkyl ethers (preferably diethyl ether), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), or aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene).

Compounds of Formula (Ib) may finally be prepared by (a) hydrolysis with an acid, followed by (b) reaction with hydrazine in an inert solvent. Acids include, but are not limited to, alkanoic acids of 2 to 10 carbons (preferably acetic acid), arylsulfonic acids (preferably p-toluenesulfonic acid or benzenesulfonic acid), alkanesulfonic acids of 1 to 10 carbons (preferably methanesulfonic acid), hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid. Inert solvents may include, but are not limited to, alkyl alcohols (1 to 8 carbons, preferably methanol or ethanol), lower alkanenitriles (1 to 6 carbons, preferably acetonitrile), dialkyl ethers (preferably glyme or diglyme), cyclic ethers (preferably tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane), N,N-dialkylformamides (preferably dimethylformamide), N,N-dialkylacetamides (preferably dimethylacetamide), cyclic amides (preferably N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one), dialkylsulfoxides (preferably dimethylsulfoxide), aromatic hydrocarbons (preferably benzene or toluene) or halocarbons of 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 10 halogens (preferably chloroform). Preferred reaction temperatures for steps (a) or (b) range from ambient temperature to 150° C.

If intermediates contain functional groups which are sensitive to the reaction conditions employed, these groups may be protected using methods known to those skilled in the art. These methods include, but are not limited to, those described in Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (Greene, Wuts; 2nd ed., 1991, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.).

Other features of the invention will become apparent in the course of the following descriptions of exemplary embodiments which are given for illustration of the invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.

EXAMPLES

Abbreviations used in the Examples are defined as follows: “1×” for once, “2×” for twice, “3×” for thrice, “°C.” for degrees Celsius, “eq” for equivalent or equivalents, “g” for gram or grams, “mg” for milligram or milligrams, “mL” for milliliter or milliliters, “¹H” for proton, “h” for hour or hours, “M” for molar, “min” for minute or minutes, “MHz” for megahertz, “MS” for mass spectroscopy, “NMR” for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, “rt” for room temperature, “tlc” for thin layer chromatography, “v/v” for volume to volume ratio. “α”, “β”, “R” and “S” are stereochemical designations familiar to those skilled in the art.

Example 1 4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine Part A: 4,5-dibromo-2-ethyl-1H-imidazole

To a solution of 2-ethylimidazole (57.6 g, 0.6 moles) in CHCl₃ (700 mL) was cooled to 0-5° C. and then added bromine (76.8 mL, 1.5 moles) dropwise over 60 mins under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred at 5° C. for 60 mins and then at room temperature for 2 days. TLC (1:10 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) revealed disappearence of starting material (Rf=0.25) and showed a new spot (Rf=0.45). The mixture was cooled back to 0° C. and added dropwise 2N aq. NaOH (750 mL) to dissolve the yellow solid separated from the mixture. The aq. layer was separated and extracted the organic layer with 250 mL of 2N NaOH. The combined aq. extracts was acidified to pH 8.0 using con. HCl. The cream colored solid separated was filtered, washed with water and dried in vacuum at 50° C. to afford 55.0 g of desired product (mp 149-150° C., 36%). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ∂ 1.27-1.3 (t, 3H, CH₃), 2.7-2.8 (q, 2H, CH₂). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 255.0 (MH⁺).

Part B: 4,5-dibromo-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-1H-imidazole

A mixture of part A material (8.3 g, 0.033 moles), triphenylphosphine (9.4 g, 0.036 moles) and molecular sieves (10 g) in THF (100 mL) was cooled to 0 to −5° C. and then added 3-pentanol (3.4 g, 0.039 moles) under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 mins and then added disopropylazodicarboxylate (7.2 g, 0.033 moles) dropwise over 20 mis. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2 h followed by room temperature for 2 days and TLC (1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) revealed a new spot at Rf=0.5. The undissolved material was filtered, washed with dichloromethane and stripped off the solvent in vacuum to afford yellow liquid. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography using chloroform as eluent to afford 4.9 g (46.5%) of colorless oil. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ∂ 0.79-0.84 (t, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.3-1.35 (t, 3H, CH₃), 1.82-2.18 (m, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.65-2.72 (q, 2H, CH₂), 3.95 (m, 1H, CH). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 325.0 (MH⁺).

Part C: 4-bromo-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde

A solution of part B material (3.7 g, 0.0114 moles) in THF (40.0 mL) was cooled to −78° C. under nitrogen atmosphere and then added dropwise 1.6 M n-BuLi solution in hexane (7.4 mL, 0.0119 moles) over 30 mins. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 h and then added dropwise DMF (2.7 mL, 0.0342 moles) over 15 mins. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 60 mins and quenched with saturated NH₄Cl (10 mL) at −78° C. TLC (1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) revealed a new spot at Rf=0.55 along with disappearence of starting material spot at Rf=0.5. The reaction mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (3*25 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was stripped off in vacuo to afford 3.6 g of yellow oil which was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel using chloroform as eluent to afford 1.97 g (64% yield) of colorless oil. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ∂ 0.73-0.83 (t, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.35-1.40 (t, 3H, CH₃), 1.59-2.17 (m, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.72-2.80 (g, 2H, CH₂), 3.95 (m, 1H, CH), 9.67 (s, 1H, CHO). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 275.1 (M+2H).

Part D: 4-bromo-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde ethylene acetal

A mixture of part C material (1.75 g, 0.0064 moles) in benzene (150 mL) was treated with ethylene glycol (1.2 mL, 0.025 moles), pyridine (0.0035 moles) and p-toluenesulfonic acid mono hydrate (0.0035 moles). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux in a 20 mL capacity Dean-Stark trap equipped apparatus for 24 h and TLC (1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) revealed a new spot at Rf=0.35 (visible under iodine). The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with EtOAc (50 mL), washed with 10% sodium bicarbonate, brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to furnish yellow oil. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel using 25% ethyl acetate/chloroform mixture to afford 1.96 g (97%) white solid (mp 70-71° C.). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ∂ 0.78-0.89 (t, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.29-1.36 (t, 3H, CH₃), 1.77-1.90 (m, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.70-2.73 (q, 2H, CH₂), 3.98-4.3 (m, 5H, CH and 2*CH₂), 5.86 (s, 1H, CH). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 317.1 (M⁺). Anal. calcd for C₁₃H₂₂Br₁N₂O₂: C, 49.22; H, 6.67; N, 8.83. Found: C, 49.43; H, 6.61; N, 8.78.

Part E: 4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde

A solution of part D material (1.08 g, 0.0034 moles) in THF (20.0 mL) was cooled to −78° C. and then added dropwise 1.6 M n-BuLi in hexane (2.4 mL, 0.004 moles) over 15 mins under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 2½ h and then added a solution of 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl chloride (0.84 g, 0.004 moles) in THF (5.0 mL) over 15 mins. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 6 h followed by room temperature overnight and TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed a new spot at Rf=0.43. The mixture was quenched with saturated NH₄Cl (10.0 ml), extracted with ethyl acetate (3*30 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was stripped off in vacuo to afford crude product which was purified by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 15% EtOAC/hexane to afford 0.61 g (44% yield) of desired product as yellow oil. Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 411.2 (M⁺). The acetal was dissolved in acetone (15.0 mL) and treated with 3.0 M aqeous HCl (30.0 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 24 h at this temperature and TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed a new spot at Rf=0.55. It was then quenched with saturated NaCl (50.0 ml), extracted with ethyl acetate (3*50 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was removed in vacuum to afford yellow liquid and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 15% EtOAC/hexane to afford 0.28 g (51% yield) of desired product as yellow solid (mp 85-86° C.). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ∂ 0.785 (m, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.28-1.33 (t, 3H, CH₃), 1.90-2.23 (m, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.74-2.82 (q, 2H, CH₂), 3.98-4.05 (m, 1H, CH), 7.34-7.37 (d, 1H, aromatic), 7.45-7.46 (d, 1H, aromatic), 7.55-7.58 (d, 1H, aromatic). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 367 (M⁺). Anal. calcd for C₁₈H₂₀Cl₂N₂O₂: C, 58.87; H, 5.50; N, 7.64. Found: C, 58.91; H, 5.60; N, 7.44.

Part F: 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine

A mixture of part E material (0.110 g, 0.0003 moles) in ethanol (15 mL) was treated with anhydrous hydrazine (0.125 g, 0.0039 moles) and refluxed under nitrogen for 4 h. TLC (1:10 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) showed a new spot at Rf=0.6. The solvent was removed under vacuum and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 1:100 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂ to afford 105 mg (97% yield) of the product as yellow oil and tituration of the oil with diethyl ether (1.0 mL) gave 65 mg of white crystalline solid (mp 136-137° C.). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ∂ 0.82-0.87 (t, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.41-1.46 (t, 3H, CH₃), 2.05-2.21 (m, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.95-3.03 (q, 2H, CH₂), 4.16-4.26 (m, 1H, CH), 7.41-7.44 (d, 1H, aromatic), 7.58-7.59 (d, 1H, aromatic), 7.64-7.67 (d, 1H, aromatic), 9.49 (s, 1H, 9 CH). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 363 (M⁺). Anal. calcd for C₁₈H₂₀Cl₂N₄: C, 59.51; H, 5.56; N, 15.42. Found: C, 59.53; H, 5.79; N, 14.70.

Example 95 4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine Part A: 4-Ethoxycarbonyl-5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,6-dihydropyridazin-3-one

A 1M solution of TiCl₄ in CH₂Cl₂ (100 mL) was slowly added via syringe to anhydrous THF (500 mL) cooled to −5° C. under N₂ with vigorous stirring. After stirring for 15 min, a solution of 2,2′,4′-trichloroacetophenone (11 g, 49.2 mmol) in THF was added to the mixture, followed by addition of diethyl malonate (7.4 mL, 48.4 mmol). Pyridine (16.5 mL) was then added dropwise, and the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at room temperature. The mixture was then partitioned between Et₂O and water, and the aqueous layer was washed with Et₂O. Organic extracts were combined and dried over MgSO₄, filtered and evaporated in vacuo to afford the olefin as a pale yellow oil.

To a solution of the olefin in EtOH was added 1.5 equivalents of hydrazine monohydrate and 1.5 equivalents of diisopropylethylamine. The mixture was refluxed for 4 h, then evaporated in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel (100% Hexane to 20% EtOAc/Hexane gradient) to yield 5.8 g of a pale yellow solid. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): ∂ 9.39 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.26 (m, 3H), 4.23 (quart., 2H), 3.6 (m, 1H), 3.33-3.11 (m, 2H), 1,27 (t, 3H).

Part B: 3-Bromo-4-ethoxycarbonyl-5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pyridazine

To a solution of 1.1 g of product from Part A in toluene was added 2 equivalents of POBr₃ and the mixture was refluxed for 3 h. The reaction mixture was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was chromatographed on silica gel to yield desired product (100% Hexane to 15% EtOAc/Hex gradient). Mass spectrum (APcI): (M+H)⁺ m/z 374.8 (60%), 376.8 (100%), 378.8 (43%).

Part C: 4-Amino-3-bromo-5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pyridazine

To a solution of product from Part B in THF was added a solution of 5 equivalents of LiOH monohydrate in water. A small amount of MeOH was added to make the mixture homogenous. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The mixture was then partitioned between Et₂O and 1N HCl. The organic extract was dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and evaporated in vacuo to give the acid.

To a solution of the acid in t-BuOH was added 1.1 equivalents of both DPPA (diphenyphosphorylazide) and triethyamine. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 16 h, then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was partitioned between Et₂O and water. The organic extract was dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and evaporated in vacuo. This residue was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and trifluoroacetic acid was added. This solution was stirred at room temperature for 4 h, then evaporated in vacuo to afford the crude amine.

Part D: 4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-cyclopropyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridazine

To a mixture of the amine in toluene is added 1-cyclopropyl-1-propylamine hydrochloride (1.2 equivalents), sodium t-butoxide (2.5 equivalents), Pd₂(dba)₃ (0.05 equivalents), and BINAP (0.025 equivalents). The reaction mixture is stirred at 70° C. for 16 h. The mixture is then cooled and partitioned between Et₂O and water. The organic extract is dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and evaporated in vacuo. To the crude residue is added triethylorthopropionate and 1 drop of conc. HCl and the mixture is refluxed for 3 h then evaporated in vacuo. To this residue is added o-xylene and p-toluenesulfonic acid, and this mixture is refluxed for 3 h then evaporated in vacuo. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel (100% hexane to 40% EtOAc/Hexane gradient) to yield the title compound.

Example 1121 Synthesis of 2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-4-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine Part A: 2-Ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-4-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde

A mixture of Part D material of Example 1 (0.82 g, 0.0030 moles) in THF (20.0 mL) was cooled to −78° C. and then added dropwise 1.6 M n-BuLi in hexane (2.0 mL, 0.0033 moles) over 15 mins under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 3 h and then added a solution of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl chloride (0.60 g, 0.0033 moles) in THF (5.0 mL) over 15 mins. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 6 h followed by room temperature overnight for 16 h and TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed both starting material and product had same Rf values. The mixture was quenched with saturated NH₄Cl (10.0 ml), extracted with ethyl acetate (3*30 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was stripped off in vacuo to afford crude product (1.0 g) as yellow semi solid. Mass spectrum (APcI-positive): m/z 385.4 (M+H). The acetal was dissolved in acetone (15.0 mL) and treated with 3.0 M aqeous HCl (30.0 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 24 h at this temperature and TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed a new spot at Rf=0.55 along with unreacted starting material acetal. Therefore continued further for 24 h and found to contain still some unreacted starting material. It was then quenched with saturated NaCl (50.0 ml), extracted with ethyl acetate (3*50 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was removed in vacuum to afford yellow liquid and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using dichloromethane as eluent to afford 0.3 g (29% yield) of desired product as yellow solid (mp 119-120° C.). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ? 0.779 (m, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.26-1.31 (t, 3H, CH₃), 1.90-1.95 (m, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.16-2.31 (2 S, 9H, aromatic CH₃), 2.74-2.81 (q, 2H, CH₂), 3.98-4.05 (m, 1H, CH), 6.87 (s, 2H, aromatic), 10.3 (s, 1H, CHO). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 341 (M+H). Anal. calcd for C₂₁H₂₈N₂O₂: C, 74.08; H, 8.30; N, 8.24. Found: C, 74.33; H, 8.41; N, 8.18.

Part B: Title Compound

A mixture of Part A material of Example 1121 (0.2 g, 0.00059 moles) in ethanol (15 mL) was treated with anhydrous hydrazine (0.245 g, 0.0077 moles) and refluxed under nitrogen for 1 h. TLC (1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) showed a new spot at Rf=0.45. The solvent was removed under vacuum and purified the crude by treatment with ethanol to afford white solid (0.2 g, mp 164-165° C.). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ? 0.77-0.82 (t, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.24-1.29 (t, 3H, CH₃), 1.86-1.92 (m, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.14 (s, 6H, 2*CH₃), 2.29 (s, 3H, CH₃), 2.68-2.76 (q, 2H, CH₂), 5.52 (bs, 3H, CH&NH₂), 6.85 (s, 2H, aromatic), 8.16 (s, 1H, —CH═N). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 355 (M+H). The reaction stopped at hydrazone stage and failed to cyclize even after 48 h in refluxing ethanol. The hydrazone (0.16 g, 0.45 mmol) was taken in 10 mL of ethylene glycol and refluxed for 2 h at 200° C. Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 337 (m+H) revealed desired product and cooled the reaction mixture to room temp. and diluted with 25 ml of water, extracted with ethyl acetate (3*15 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂ to afford 71 mg (47% yield) of the product as yellow crystalline solid (mp 151-152° C.). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ? 0.82-0.87 (t, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.35-1.41 (t, 3H, CH₃), 2.0 (s, 6H, 2*CH₃), 2.1-2.17 (q, 4H, CH₂), 2.37 (s, 3H, CH₃), 2.92-3.0 (q, 2H, CH₂), 4.16-4.22 (m, 1H, CH), 6.98 (s, 2H, aromatic), 9.46 (s, 1H, 9 CH). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 337 (M+H). Anal. calcd for C₂₁H₂₈N₄: C, 74.96; H, 8.40; N, 16.65. Found: C, 74.77; H, 8.62; N, 15.42.

Example 1122 4-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine Part A: 2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorobenzoyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde

A mixture of Part D material of Example 1 (0.82 g, 0.0030 moles) in THF (20.0 mL) was cooled to −78° C. and then added dropwise 1.6 M n-BuLi in hexane (2.0 mL, 0.0033moles) over 15 mins under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 3 h and then added a solution of 2,4-dichloro-5-F-benzoyl chloride (0.75 g, 0.0033 moles) in THF (5.0 mL) over 15 mins. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 6 h followed by room temperature overnight for 16 h and TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed absence of starting material (Rf=0.5) and a new spot for the product at Rf=0.64. The mixture was quenched with saturated NH₄Cl (25.0 ml), extracted with ethyl ether (3*30 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was stripped off in vacuo to afford crude product (1.5 g) as yellow oil and purified by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using dichloromethane as eluent to afford desired product as colorless viscous oil (0.62 g, 48%). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ? 0.86-0.91 (t, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.25-1.30 (t, 3H, CH₃), 1.83-1.92 (q, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.70-2.75 (q, 2H, CH₂), 2.74-2.81 (q, 2H, CH₂), 4.04-4.18 (m, 4H, 2*OCH₂), 4.41-4.51 (m, 1H, CH), 6.69 (s, 1H, —CH), 7.38-7.31 (d, 1H, aromatic), 7.45-7.47 (d, 1H, aromatic). Mass spectrum (APcI-positive): m/z 429.2 (M⁺). The acetal was dissolved in acetone (15.0 mL) and treated with 3.0 M aqeous HCl (30.0 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 24 h at this temperature and TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed a new spot at Rf=0.67 along with disappearence of starting material acetal. It was then quenched with saturated NaCl (50.0 ml), extracted with ethyl acetate (3*50 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was removed in vacuum to afford yellow liquid and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using dichloromethane as eluent to afford 0.43 g (80% yield) of desired product as white solid (mp 70-71° C.). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ? 0.79 (m, 6H, 2* CH₃), 1.28-1.33 (t, 3H, CH₃), 1.90-2.2 (m, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.74-2.82 (q, 2H, CH₂), 3.98-4.05 (m, 1H, CH), 7.42-7.45 (d, 1H, aromatic), 7.50-7.52 (d, 1H, aromatic), 10.4 (s, 1H, CHO). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 385 (Ma). Anal. calcd for C₁₈H₁₉N₂O₂Cl₂F₁: C, 56.12; H, 4.97; N, 7.27. Found: C,56.27; H,4.95; N,7.12.

Part B: Title Compound

A mixture of Part A material of Example 1122 (0.230 g, 0.0006 moles) in ethanol (15 mL) was treated with anhydrous hydrazine (0.25 g, 0.0077 moles) and refluxed under nitrogen for 16 h. TLC (1:10 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) showed a new spot at Rf=0.6. The solvent was removed under vacuum and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂ to afford 194 mg of pale yellow oil and tituration of the oil with hexane (1.0 mL) gave 59 mg (26%) of white crystalline solid (mp 85-87° C.). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ? 0.82-0.87 (t, 6H, 2*CH₃), 1.42-1.47 (t, 3H, CH₃), 2.08-2.21 (m, 4H, 2*CH₂), 2.98-3.03 (q, 2H, CH₂), 4.16-4.26 (m, 1H, CH), 7.53-7.56 (d, 1H, aromatic), 7.62-7.64 (d, 1H, aromatic), 9.50 (s, 1H, 9 CH). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 381 (M⁺). HRMS calcd. for C₁₈H₂₀Cl₂F₁N₄: 381.1048. Found: 381.1057 (M+H).

Example 1123 2-Ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-4-(2,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde

A mixture of Part D material of Example 1 (0.82 g, 0.0030 moles) in THF (20.0 mL) was cooled to −78° C. and then added dropwise 1.6 M n-BuLi in hexane (2.0 mL, 0.0033 moles) over 15 mins under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 3 h and then added a solution of 2,4-dimethoxybenzoyl chloride (0.66 g, 0.0033 moles) in THF (5.0 mL) over 15 mins. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 6 h followed by room temperature overnight for 16 h and The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 6 h followed by room temperature overnight for 16 h and TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed absence of starting material (Rf=0.5) and a new spot for the product at Rf=0.57. The mixture was quenched with saturated NH₄Cl (25.0 ml), extracted with ethyl ether (3*30 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was stripped off in vacuo to afford crude product (1.3 g) as yellow oil and purified by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 1:100 methanol/dichloromethane as eluent to afford desired product as pale yellow viscous oil (0.39 g, 32%). Mass spectrum (APcI-positive): m/z 403.3 (M+H⁺). The acetal was dissolved in acetone (15.0 mL) and treated with 3.0 M aqeous HCl (30.0 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 24 h at this temperature and TLC (1:10 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) showed two new spots at Rf=0.92 & 0.62. It was then quenched with saturated NaCl (50.0 ml), extracted with ethyl acetate (3*50 mL), washed with brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was removed in vacuum to afford yellow liquid and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using dichloromethane as eluent. to afford 0.17 g of desired product (Rf=0.62). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 359 (M+H). 7-13-98: The above aldehyde (0.17 g) was dissolved in ethanol (15.0 mL) and treated with hydrazine (0.25 mL). The mixture was refluxed overnight and TLC (1:10 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) revealed a new spot at Rf=0.49. The solvent was stripped off in vacuum and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using (1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) as eluent to afford 84 mg colorless oil. The oil was crystallized from 1:10 hexane/ether to afford 64 mg of white solid (mp 126-127° C.). HRMS calcd for C₂₀H₂₇N₄O₂: 355.2133. Found: 355.2121 (M+H).

Example 1124 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-7-methylimidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine Part A: 4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1H-imidazole

A mixture of Part E material of Example 1 (0.587 g, 0.0016 moles) in THF (20 mL) was cooled to −78° C. and then added dropwise 1.6 M MeLi in ether (1.0 mL, 0.0016 moles) over 5 mins. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 2 h and then quenched with water (5.0 ml) at −78° C. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl ether (3*30 mL), washed with brine and stripped off the solvent in vacuum to afford yellow liquid. TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed absence of starting material at Rf=0.69 and a new spot at Rf=0.4. Purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 10% EtOAC/hexane to afford 0.470 g (77% yield) of desired product as white solid (mp 125-126° C.). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z=383 (M⁺). Anal. calcd for C₁₉H₂₄Cl₂N₂O₂: C, 59.54; H, 6.31; N, 7.32. Found: C, 59.59; H, 6.28; N,7.16.

Part B: 5-Acetyl-4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-1H-imidazole

A solution of Part A material of Example 1124 (0.4 g, 0.00104 moles) in toluene (10 mL) was treated with MnO2 (0.91 g, 0.0104 moles) and stirred at 75° C. for 40 h. TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed presence of starting material at Rf=0.4 and a new spot at Rf=0.57. Added additional MnO₂ (0.91 g) and continued for addtional 20 h at 75° C. & −27-98: TLC revealed only trace amount of starting material and therefore cooled the reaction mixture to room temp and filtered through celite. The filterate was concentrated to afford 0.32 g of colorless oil and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 15% EtOAC/hexane to afford 0.258 g (65% yield) of desired product as white solid (m.p. 63-64° C.). Mass spec (CI-NH₃): m/z=381 (M). Anal. calcd. for C₁₉H₂₂Cl₂N₂O₂: C, 59.85; H, 5.83; N, 7.36. Found: C, 59.97; H,5.80; N, 7.12.

Part C: Title Compound: imidazole

A solution of Part B material of Example 1124 (0.130 g, 0.00034 moles) in ethanol (10 mL) was treated with anhydrous hydrazine (0.142 g, 0.0044 moles) and refluxed under nitrogen for 3 h. TLC (1:10 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) showed a new spot at Rf=0.55. The solvent was removed under vacuum and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 50:50 EtOAc/hexane to afford 53 mg (41% yield) of the product as white solid after tituration of the oil with diethyl ether (mp 128-129° C.). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 377 (M⁺). Anal. calcd. for C₁₉H₂₂Cl₂N₄: C, 60.48; H, 5.89; N, 14.89. Found: C, 59.40; H. 5.72; N, 14.46.

Example 1125 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-7-propoxyimidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine Part A: Methyl 4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxalate

A mixture of Part E material of Example 1 (0.367 g, 0.001 moles) in methanol (60 mL) was treated with NaCN (Aldrich, 0.245 g, 0.005 moles, 5 equi.), AcOH (Baker, 96 mg; 0.0016 moles, 1.6 equiv.) and MnO₂, activated (Aldich, 1.24 g, 0.021 moles, 21 equiv.). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temp under nitrogen for 18 h. TLC (1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) revealed absence of starting material at Rf=0.8 and showed a new spot at Rf=0.44. Mass spec. revealed desired product (m/z=397). The reaction mixture was filtered through celite, washed with methanol, concentrated in vacuo and the crude was purified by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 1:100 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂ as eluent to afford 320 mg (mp 73-74° C., 81%) of whit e solid after crystallization from hexane. Anal. calcd. for C₁₉H₂₂N₂O₃Cl₂: C,57.44; H,5.58; N,7.05. Found: C,57.31; H,5.45; N,6.85.

Part B: 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazin-7-one

A mixture of Part A material of example 1125 (0.100 g, 0.00025 moles) in ethanol (10 mL) was treated with anhydrous hydrazine (0.105 g, 0.0033 moles) and refluxed under nitrogen for 48 h. TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed a new spot at Rf=0.35. The solvent was removed under vacuum an d purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 15:50 EtOAc/hexane intially and then methanol to afford 70 mg (74% yield) of the product as white solid after tituration of the oil with diethyl ether (mp 246-247° C.). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃) m/z=379 (M⁺).

Part C: Title Compound

A mixture of Part B material of example 1125 (0.1 g, 0.264 mmol) in benzene (5.0 mL) was treated with n-BU₄NBr (8.5 mg, 0.0264 mmol), powdered KOH (15 mg, 0.264 mmol) and 1-iodopropane (0.134 g, 0.79 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temp overnight and TLC (1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) showed two new spots at Rf=0.73 and Rf=0.46. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (10 mL), washed with brine (10 mL), dried with MgSO₄ and concentrated to a residue. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using dichloromethane as eluent to afford 56 mg (51% yield) of the N-propyl product as colorless oil. Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z=421. Further elution of the column with 1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂ gave 11 mg (10% yield) of oil which was crystallized from ether to afford 7-propoxy derivative as awhite solid (m.p. 120-121° C.). Mass spec. (CI-NH₃): m/z=421. HRMS calcd for C₂₁H₂₇N₄OCl₂: 421.1561. Found: 421.1569 (M+H).

Example 1126 7-chloro-4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-methyl)butyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine Part A: 4,5-dibromo-2-ethyl-1-(1-methyl)butyl-1H-imidazole

A mixture of part A material of example 1 (59 g g, 0.233 moles), triphenylphosphine (67.1 g, 0.256 moles) and molecular sieves (10 g) in THF (715 mL) was cooled to 0 to −5° C. and then added 2-pentanol (34.79 g, 0.279 moles) under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 mins and then added disopropylazodicarboxylate (50.33 g, 0.256 moles) dropwise over 20 mins. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2 h followed by room temperature for 2 days and TLC (1:50 MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) revealed a new spot at Rf=0.5. The undissolved material was filtered, washed with dichloromethane and stripped off the solvent in vacuum to afford yellow liquid. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography using chloroform as eluent to afford 41.5 g (55%) of colorless oil. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃): ? 0.91 (t, 3H, 2*CH₃), 1.27 (m, 2H, CH₂), 1.31 (t, 3H, CH₃), 1.53 (d, 3H, CH₃), 1.78 (m, 1H), 2.04 (m, 1H), 2.71 (q, 2H) and 4.34 (m,1H). Mass spectrum (CI-NH₃): m/z 325.0 (M+H).

Part B: 4-bromo-2-ethyl-1-(1-methyl)butyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde

A solution of imidazole (37.5 g, 0.116 mol) in THF (250 mL) was cooled to −78° C. and then added dropwise 1.6 M n-BuLi(76 mL, 0.122 mol) in hexane over 45 mins. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 h (brown solution) and then added DMF (27 g, 0.348 moles) dropwise over 30 mins. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 60 mins. The reaction mixture was quenched with satd. amm. chloride (100 mL) at −78° C. and brought to room temp. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl ether (3*100 mL), washed with brine and dried with anhyd. MgSO₄. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford 31.6 g of crude yellow oil. The NMR of the crude revealed formation of 4-bromo-2-ethyl-1-(1-methyl)butyl-1H-imidazole along with desired product in the ratio of 3:7. The TLC of the undesired 4-bromo-2-ethyl-1-(1-methyl)butyl-1H-imidazole is visible under iodine exposure (Rf=0.45). The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 1% MeOH to afford 18.5 g (59% yield) of colorless oil. Mass spec: m/z=273. Anal. calcd. for C₁₁H₁₇N₂OBr; C, 48.36; H, 6.27, N, 10.25. Found): C, 48.64; H, 6.01; N, 10.00.

Part C: 4-bromo-2-ethyl-1-(1-methyl)butyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde ethylene acetal

A mixture of Part B material of example 1126 (18.5 g, 0.068 moles) in benzene (250 mL) was treated with ethylene glycol (16.4 g, 0.264 moles), pyridine (2.7 g, 0.034 moles) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (6.5 g, 0.034 moles). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux in a 20 mL capacity Dean-Stark trap equipped apparatus for 36 h. TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) revealed a new spot at Rf=0.42 (visible under iodine) along with trace amount of starting material (Rf=0.54). The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with EtOAc (250 mL), washed with 10% sodium bicarbonate (2*250 mL), brine and dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to furnish white solid (20.7 g, mp 69-70° C., 96%). The crude was very pure by NMR. Mass spectrum (CI-NH3): m/z 317.1 (M⁺). Anal. calcd. for C₁₃H₂₂N₂O₂Br₁; C, 49.22; H, 6.67, N, 8.83. Found: C, 49.38; H, 6.62; N, 8.68.

Part D: 4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-methyl)butyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde

A solution of Part C material of Example 1126 (2.3 g, 5.6 mmol) in acetone (60 mL) was cooled to 15° C. and then added 3M aq. HCl (120 mL) over 15 mins. The mixture was stirred below 30° C. for 24 h. TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) showed a new spot at Rf=0.58 along with disappearence of starting material (Rf=0.43). The solvent was removed under vacuum, extracted with ethyl acetate (3*50 mL), washed with brine and stripped off the solvent in vacuum to afford yellow liquid (2.4 g). The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using dichloromethane as eluent to afford 1.46 g (71% yield) of desired product as yellow solid (mp 43-44° C.). Anal. calcd for C₁₈H₂₀Cl₂N₂O₂: C, 58.87; H, 5.50; N, 7.64. Found: C, 58.96; H, 5.34; N, 7.46. Mass spec. (NH₃-CI): m/z=367

Part E: Methyl 4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-methyl)butyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxalate

A mixture of Part D material of Example 1126 (1.0 g, 0.0027 moles) in methanol (50 mL) was treated with NaCN (Aldrich, 0.67 g, 0.0136 moles, 5 equi.), AcOH (Baker, 260 mg; 0.00432 moles, 1.6 equiv.) and MnO₂, activated (Aldrich, 3.34 g, 0.057 moles, 21 equiv.). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temp under nitrogen for 20 h. TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) revealed absence of starting material at Rf=0.58 and showed a new spot at Rf=0.4. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite, washed with methanol, concentrated in vacuo. The residue was diluted with water, extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with brine, dried and concentrated in vacuo to afford 0.98 g of yellow oil. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 30:70 EtOAc/hexane as eluent to afford 910 mg (85%) of yellow oil. Mass spectrum: m/z=397. Anal. calcd. for C₁₉H₂₂N₂O₃Cl₂: C, 57.44; H, 5.58; N, 7.05. Found: C, 57.25; H, 5.70; N, 6.80.

Part F: 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-ethyl)propyl-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazin-7-one

A mixture of Part E material of Example 1126 (0.460 g, 0.00115 moles) in ethylene glycol (5 mL) was treated with anhydrous hydrazine (0.48 g, 0.0151 moles) and refluxed under nitrogen for 4 h. TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) revealed a new spot (Rf=0.44) along with disappearence of starting material (Rf=0.4). The reaction mixture was cooled to room temp and poured over 25 mL of water, extracted with EtOAc (3*15 mL), washed with brine and dried. The solvent was removed under vacuo and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 15% EtOAc/hexane to afford colorless oil which was crystallized from hexane to afford 310 mg of white solid (71%, mp 217-18° C.). Mass spec. (CI-NH₃): m/z=379. Anal. calcd. for C₁₈H₂₀N₄Cl₂O: C, 57.00; H, 5.33; N, 14.77. Found: C, 57.02; H, 5.35; N, 14.59.

Part G: Title Compound

A mixture of Part F material of Example 1126 (0.270 g, 0.0071moles) in POCl₃ (3.0 mL) was refluxed under nitrogen for 8 h. TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) revealed a new spot (Rf=0.48) along with disappearence of starting material (Rf=0.44) Excess POCl₃ from the reaction mixture was removed under vacuo, quenched with ice (10 g), extracted with EtOAc (3*15 mL), washed with brine and dried. The solvent was removed under vacuo and purified the crude by flash column chromatography on a silica gel using 30% EtOAc/hexane to afford 80 mg of white solid (28%, mp 124-125° C.). HRMS calcd for C₁₈H₂₀N₄Cl₃: 397.0753. Found: 397.0749 (M+H).

Example 1127 4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-1-(1-methyl)butyl-7-methoxy-imidazo[4,5-d]pyridazine

A mixture of Part G material of Example 1126 (40 mg, 0.1 mmole) in MeOH (3.0 mL) was treated with 25% NaOMe in MeOH (0.065 mL, 0.3 mmole) and refluxed under nitrogen for 6 h. TLC (30:70 EtOAc/hexane) revealed a new spot (Rf=0.35) along with disappearence of starting material (Rf=0.48). The solvent from the reaction mixture was removed under vacuo, quenched with water (10 g), extracted with EtOAc (3*15 mL), washed with brine and dried. The solvent was removed under-vacuo and purified the crude by recrystallizing from hexane to afford 36 mg of white solid (92%, mp 119-120° C.). HRMS calcd for C₁₉H₂₃N₄Cl₃O₁: 393.1248. Found: 393.1246 (M+H).

TABLE 1

a₁ R²X═CH₃O a₂ R²X═CH₃S a₃ R²X═Me a₄ R²X═Et a₅ R²X═n-Pr

b₁ R²X═CH₃O b₂ R²X═CH₃S b₃ R²X═Me b₄ R²X═Et b₅ R²X═n-Pr

c₁ R²X═CH₃O c₂ R²X═CH₃S c₃ R²X═Me c₄ R²X═Et c₅ R²X═n-Pr

d₁ R²X═CH₃O d₂ R²X═CH₃S d₃ R²X═Me d₄ R²X═Et d₅ R²X═n-Pr

e₁ R²X═CH₃O e₂ R²X═CH₃S e₃ R²X═Me e₄ R²X═Et e₅ R²X═n-Pr

f₁ R²X═CH₃O f₂ R²X═CH₃S f₃ R²X═Me f₄ R²X═Et f₅ R²X═n-Pr

g₁ R²X═CH₃O g₂ R²X═CH₃S g₃ R²X═Me g₄ R²X═Et g₅ R²X═n-Pr Ex. # R¹ D  1a (cPr)₂CH phenyl  2 phenyl(cPr)CH phenyl  3 2-furanyl(cPr)CH phenyl  4 3-furan(cPr)CH phenyl  5 2-thienyl(cPr)CH phenyl  6 3-thienyl(cPr)CH phenyl  7 2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH phenyl  8 2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH phenyl  9 2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH phenyl 10 cPr-CH(CH₃) phenyl 11 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) phenyl 12 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) phenyl 13 1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) phenyl 14 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) phenyl 15 (cBu)₂CH phenyl 16 phenyl(cBu)CH phenyl 17 2-furanyl(cBu)CH phenyl 18 3-furan(cBu)CH phenyl 19 2-thienyl(cBu)CH phenyl 20 3-thienyl(cBu)CH phenyl 21 2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH phenyl 22 2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH phenyl 23 2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH phenyl 24 cBu-CH(CH₃) phenyl 25 1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) phenyl 26 1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) phenyl 27 1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) phenyl 28 1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) phenyl 29 (cPr)₂CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 30 phenyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 31 2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 32 3-furan(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 33 2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 34 3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 35 2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 36 2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 37 2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 38 cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 39 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 40 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 41 1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 42 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 43 (cBu)₂CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 44 phenyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 45 2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 46 3-furan(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 47 2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 48 3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 49 2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 50 2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 51 2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 52 cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 53 1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 54 1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 55 1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 56 1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-phenyl 57 (cPr)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 58 phenyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 59 2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 60 3-furan(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 61 2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 62 3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 63 2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 64 2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 65 2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 66 cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 67 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 68 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 69 1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 70 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 71 (cBu)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 72 phenyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 73 2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 74 3-furan(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 75 2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 76 3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 77 2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 78 2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 79 2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 80 cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 81 1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 82 1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 83 1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 84 1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃-phenyl 85 (cPr)₂CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 86 phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 87 2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 88 3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 89 2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 90 3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 91 2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 92 2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 93 2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 94 cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 95 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 96 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 97 1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 98 1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 99 (cBu)₂CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 100  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 101  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 102  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 103  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 104  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 105  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 106  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 107  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-phenyl 108  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 109  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 110  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 111  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 112  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-phenyl 113  (cPr)₂CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 114  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 115  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 116  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 117  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 118  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 119  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 120  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 121  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 122  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 123  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 124  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 125  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 126  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 127  (cBu)₂CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 128  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 129  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 130  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 131  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 132  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 133  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 134  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 135  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-phenyl 136  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 137  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 138  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 139  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 140  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCl-phenyl 141  (cPr)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 142  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 143  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 144  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 145  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 146  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 147  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 148  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 149  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 150  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 151  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 152  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 153  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 154  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 155  (cBu)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 156  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 157  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 158  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 159  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 160  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 161  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 162  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 163  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 164  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 165  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 166  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 167  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 168  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CF₃O-phenyl 169  (cPr)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 170  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 171  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 172  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 173  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 174  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 175  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 176  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 177  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 178  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 179  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 180  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 181  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 182  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 183  (cBu)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 184  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 185  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 186  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 187  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 188  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 189  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 190  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 191  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 192  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 193  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 194  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 195  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 196  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-phenyl 197  (cPr)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 198  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 199  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 200  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 201  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 202  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 203  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 204  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 205  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 206  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 207  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 208  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 209  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 210  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 211  (cBu)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 212  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 213  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 214  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 215  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 216  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 217  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 218  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 219  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 220  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 221  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 222  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 223  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 224  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CN-phenyl 225  (cPr)₂CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 226  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 227  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 228  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 229  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 230  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 231  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 232  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 233  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 234  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 235  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 236  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 237  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 238  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 239  (cBu)₂CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 240  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 241  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 242  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 243  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 244  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 245  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 246  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 247  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 248  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 249  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 250  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 251  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 252  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-Cl-phenyl 253  (cPr)₂CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 254  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 255  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 256  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 257  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 258  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 259  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 260  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 261  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 262  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 263  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 264  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 265  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 266  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 267  (cBu)₂CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 268  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 269  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 270  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 271  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 272  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 273  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 274  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 275  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 276  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 277  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 278  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 279  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 280  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-MeO-phenyl 281  (cPr)₂CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 282  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 283  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 284  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 285  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 286  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 287  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 288  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 289  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 290  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 291  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 292  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 293  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 294  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 295  (cBu)₂CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 296  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 297  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 298  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 299  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 300  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 301  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 302  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 303  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 304  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 305  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 306  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 307  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 308  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-n-PrO-phenyl 309  (cPr)₂CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 310  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 311  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 312  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 313  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 314  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 315  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 316  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 317  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 318  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 319  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 320  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 321  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 322  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 323  (cBu)₂CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 324  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 325  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 326  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 327  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 328  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 329  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 330  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 331  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 332  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 333  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 334  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 335  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 336  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCF₃-phenyl 337  (cPr)₂CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 338  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 339  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 340  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 341  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 342  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 343  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 344  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 345  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 346  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 347  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 348  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 349  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 350  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 351  (cBu)₂CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 352  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 353  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 354  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 355  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 356  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 357  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 358  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 359  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 360  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 361  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 362  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 363  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 364  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CF₃-4-F-phenyl 365  (cPr)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 366  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 367  2-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 368  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 369  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 370  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 371  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 372  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 373  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 374  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 375  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 376  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 377  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 378  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 379  (cBu)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 380  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 381  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 382  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 383  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 384  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 385  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 386  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 387  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 388  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 389  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 390  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 391  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 392  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-Cl-phenyl 393  (cPr)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 394  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 395  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 396  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 397  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 398  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 399  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 400  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 401  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 402  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 403  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 404  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 405  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 406  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 407  (cBu)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 408  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 409  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 410  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 411  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 412  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 413  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 414  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 415  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 416  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 417  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 418  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 419  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 420  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 421  (cPr)₂CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 422  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 423  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 424  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 425  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 426  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 427  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 428  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 429  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 430  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 431  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 432  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 433  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 434  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 435  (cBu)₂CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 436  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 437  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 438  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 439  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 440  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 441  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 442  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 443  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 444  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 445  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 446  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 447  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 448  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCH₃-phenyl 449  (cPr)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 450  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 451  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 452  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 453  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 454  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 455  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 456  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 457  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 458  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 459  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 460  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 461  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 462  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 463  (cBu)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 464  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 465  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 466  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 467  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 468  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 469  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 470  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 471  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 472  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 473  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 474  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 475  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 476  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-(CH₃)₂N-phenyl 477  (cPr)₂CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 478  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 479  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 480  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 481  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 482  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 483  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 484  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 485  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 486  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 487  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 488  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 489  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 490  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 491  (cBu)₂CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 492  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 493  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 494  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 495  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 496  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 497  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 498  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 499  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 500  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 501  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 502  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 503  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 504  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-CH₃-phenyl 505  (cPr)₂CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 506  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 507  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 508  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 509  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 510  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 511  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 512  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 513  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 514  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 515  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 516  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 517  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 518  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 519  (cBu)₂CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 520  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 521  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 522  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 523  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 524  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 525  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 526  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 527  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 528  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 529  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 530  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 531  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 532  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-CF₃-phenyl 533  (cPr)₂CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 534  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 535  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 536  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 537  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 538  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 539  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 540  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 541  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 542  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 543  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 544  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 545  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 546  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 547  (cBu)₂CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 548  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 549  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 550  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 551  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 552  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 553  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 554  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 555  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 556  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 557  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 558  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 559  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 560  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-MeO-4-Cl-phenyl 561  (cPr)₂CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 562  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 563  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 564  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 565  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 566  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 567  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 568  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 569  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 570  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 571  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 572  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 573  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 574  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 575  (cBu)₂CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 576  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 577  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 578  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 579  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 580  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 581  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 582  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 583  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 584  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 585  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 586  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 587  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 588  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diMeO-phenyl 589  (cPr)₂CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 590  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 591  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 592  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 593  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 594  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 595  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 596  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 597  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 598  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 599  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 600  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 601  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 602  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 603  (cBu)₂CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 604  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 605  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 606  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 607  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 608  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 609  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 610  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 611  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 612  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 613  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 614  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 615  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 616  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-CH₃-phenyl 617  (cPr)₂CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 618  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 619  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 620  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 621  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 622  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 623  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 624  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 625  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 626  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 627  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 628  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 629  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 630  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 631  (cBu)₂CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 632  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 633  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 634  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 635  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 636  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 637  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 638  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 639  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 640  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 641  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 642  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 643  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 644  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-5-F-phenyl 645  (cPr)₂CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 646  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 647  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 648  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 649  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 650  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 651  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 652  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 653  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 654  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 655  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 656  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 657  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 658  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 659  (cBu)₂CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 660  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 661  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 662  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 663  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 664  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 665  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 666  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 667  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 668  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 669  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 670  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 671  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 672  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeS-phenyl 673  (cPr)₂CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 674  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 675  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 676  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 677  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 678  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 679  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 680  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 681  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 682  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 683  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 684  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 685  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 686  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 687  (cBu)₂CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 688  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 689  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 690  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 691  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 692  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 693  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 694  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 695  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 696  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 697  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 698  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 699  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 700  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4-diCl-6-MeO-phenyl 701  (cPr)₂CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 702  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 703  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 704  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 705  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 706  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 707  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 708  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 709  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 710  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 711  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 712  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 713  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 714  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 715  (cBu)₂CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 716  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 717  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 718  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 719  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 720  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 721  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 722  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 723  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 724  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 725  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 726  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 727  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 728  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCl-4-MeO-phenyl 729  (cPr)₂CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 730  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 731  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 732  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 733  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 734  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 735  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 736  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 737  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 738  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 739  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 740  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 741  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 742  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 743  (cBu)₂CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 744  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 745  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 746  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 747  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 748  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 749  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 750  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 751  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 752  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 753  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 754  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 755  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 756  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4,6-triCl-phenyl 757  (cPr)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 758  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 759  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 760  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 761  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 762  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 763  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 764  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 765  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 766  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 767  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 768  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 769  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 770  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 771  (cBu)₂CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 772  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 773  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 774  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 775  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 776  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 777  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 778  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 779  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 780  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 781  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 782  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 783  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 784  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-CH₃-5-F-phenyl 785  (cPr)₂CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 786  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 787  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 788  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 789  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 790  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 791  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 792  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 793  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 794  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 795  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 796  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 797  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 798  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 799  (cBu)₂CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 800  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 801  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 802  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 803  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 804  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 805  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 806  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 807  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 808  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 809  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 810  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 811  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 812  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-CH₃-phenyl 813  (cPr)₂CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 814  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 815  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 816  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 817  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 818  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 819  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 820  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 821  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 822  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 823  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 824  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 825  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 826  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 827  (cBu)₂CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 828  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 829  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 830  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 831  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 832  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 833  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 834  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 835  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 836  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 837  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 838  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 839  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 840  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-Cl-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 841  (cPr)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 842  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 843  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 844  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 845  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 846  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 847  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 848  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 849  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 850  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 851  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 852  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 853  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 854  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 855  (cBu)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 856  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 857  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 858  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 859  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 860  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 861  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 862  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 863  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 864  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 865  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 866  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 867  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 868  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-Cl-phenyl 869  (cPr)₂CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 870  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 871  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 872  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 873  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 874  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 875  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 876  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 877  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 878  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 879  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 880  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 881  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 882  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 883  (cBu)₂CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 884  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 885  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 886  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 887  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 888  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 889  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 890  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 891  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 892  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 893  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 894  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 895  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 896  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,5-diCH₃-4-MeO-phenyl 897  (cPr)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 898  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 899  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 900  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 901  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 902  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 903  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 904  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 905  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 906  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 907  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 908  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 909  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 910  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 911  (cBu)₂CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 912  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 913  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 914  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 915  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 916  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 917  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 918  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 919  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 920  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 921  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 922  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 923  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 924  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-4-MeO-5-F-phenyl 925  (cPr)₂CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 926  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 927  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 928  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 929  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 930  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 931  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 932  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 933  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 934  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 935  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 936  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 937  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 938  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 939  (cBu)₂CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 940  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 941  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 942  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 943  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 944  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 945  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 946  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 947  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 948  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 949  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 950  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 951  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 952  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,4,6-triCH₃-phenyl 953  (cPr)₂CH 3-pyridyl 954  phenyl(cPr)CH 3-pyridyl 955  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 3-pyridyl 956  3-furan(cPr)CH 3-pyridyl 957  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 3-pyridyl 958  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 3-pyridyl 959  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 3-pyridyl 960  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 3-pyridyl 961  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 3-pyridyl 962  cPr-CH(CH₃) 3-pyridyl 963  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 3-pyridyl 964  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 3-pyridyl 965  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 3-pyridyl 966  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 3-pyridyl 967  (cBu)₂CH 3-pyridyl 968  phenyl(cBu)CH 3-pyridyl 969  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 3-pyridyl 970  3-furan(cBu)CH 3-pyridyl 971  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 3-pyridyl 972  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 3-pyridyl 973  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 3-pyridyl 974  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 3-pyridyl 975  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 3-pyridyl 976  cBu-CH(CH₃) 3-pyridyl 977  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 3-pyridyl 978  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 3-pyridyl 979  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 3-pyridyl 980  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 3-pyridyl 981  (cPr)₂CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 982  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 983  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 984  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 985  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 986  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 987  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 988  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 989  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 990  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 991  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 992  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 993  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 994  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 995  (cBu)₂CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 996  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 997  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 998  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 999  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1000  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1001  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1002  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1003  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1004  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1005  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1006  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1007  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1008  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,6-diMeO-pyrid-3-yl 1009  (cPr)₂CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1010  phenyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1011  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1012  3-furan(cPr)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1013  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1014  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1015  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1016  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1017  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1018  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1019  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1020  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1021  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1022  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1023  (cBu)₂CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1024  phenyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1025  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1026  3-furan(cBu)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1027  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1028  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1029  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1030  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1031  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1032  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1033  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1034  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1035  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1036  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2,6-diCH₃-pyrid-3-yl 1037  (cPr)₂CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1038  phenyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1039  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1040  3-furan(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1041  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1042  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1043  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1044  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1045  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1046  cPr-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1047  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1048  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1049  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1050  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1051  (cBu)₂CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1052  phenyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1053  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1054  3-furan(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1055  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1056  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1057  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1058  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1059  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1060  cBu-CH(CH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1061  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1062  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1063  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1064  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 2-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1065  (cPr)₂CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1066  phenyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1067  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1068  3-furan(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1069  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1070  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1071  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1072  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1073  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1074  cPr-CH(CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1075  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1076  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1077  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1078  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1079  (cBu)₂CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1080  phenyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1081  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1082  3-furan(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1083  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1084  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1085  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1086  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1087  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1088  cBu-CH(CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1089  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1090  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1091  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1092  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 4-CH₃-6-MeO-pyrid-3-yl 1093  (cPr)₂CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1094  phenyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1095  2-furanyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1096  3-furan(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1097  2-thienyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1098  3-thienyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1099  2-isoxazolyl(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1100  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1101  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cPr)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1102  cPr-CH(CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1103  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1104  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1105  1-cPr-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1106  1-cPr-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1107  (cBu)₂CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1108  phenyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1109  2-furanyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1110  3-furan(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1111  2-thienyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1112  3-thienyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1113  2-isoxazolyl(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1114  2-(5-CH₃-furanyl)(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1115  2-(4-CH₃-isoxazolyl)(cBu)CH 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1116  cBu-CH(CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1117  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1118  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂CH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1119  1-cBu-CH(CH₂OCH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1120  1-cBu-CH(CH₂CH₂OCH₃) 4-CH₃-6-(CH₃)₂N-pyrid-3-yl 1121  3-pentyl 2,4,6-(CH₃)₃phenyl 1122  3-pentyl 2,4-Cl₂-5-F-phenyl 1123  3-pentyl 2,4-(MEO)₂-phenyl 1124  3-pentyl 2,4-Cl₂-phenyl  1 3-pentyl 2,4-Cl₂-phenyl

Table 1 shows compounds which may readily be prepared according to the procedures described herein in the synthetic schemes and text. The preferred compounds have a core of e₄ with the exception of Examples 95 and 1124, which have cores of c₄ and f₄ respectively. Example 1 has a melting point of 136-138° C.

UTILITY

Compounds of this invention are expected to have utility in the treatment of inbalances associated with abnormal levels of CRF in patients suffering from depression, affective disorders, and/or anxiety.

CRF-R1 Receptor Binding Assay for the Evaluation of Biological Activity

The following is a description of the isolation of cell membranes containing cloned human CRF-R1 receptors for use in the standard binding assay as well as a description of the assay itself.

Messenger RNA was isolated from human hippocampus. The mRNA was reverse transcribed using oligo (dt) 12-18 and the coding region was amplified by PCR from start to stop codons The resulting PCR fragment was cloned into the EcoRV site of PGEMV, from whence the insert was reclaimed using XhoI+XbaI and cloned into the XhoI+XbaI sites of vector pm3ar (which contains a CMV promoter, the SV40 ‘t’ splice and early poly A signals, an Epstein-Barr viral origin of replication, and a hygromycin selectable marker). The resulting expression vector, called phchCRFR was transfected in 293EBNA cells and cells retaining the episome were selected in the presence of 400 μM hygromycin. Cells surviving 4 weeks of selection in hygromycin were pooled, adapted to growth in suspension and used to generate membranes for the binding assay described below. Individual aliquots containing approximately 1×10⁸ of the suspended cells were then centrifuged to form a pellet and frozen.

For the binding assay a frozen pellet described above containing 293EBNA cells transfected with hCRFR1 receptors is homogenized in 10 ml of ice cold tissue buffer (50 mM HEPES buffer pH 7.0, containing 10 mM MgCl₂, 2 mM EGTA, 1 μg/l aprotinin, 1 μg/ml leupeptin and 1 μg/ml pepstatin) The homogenate is centrifuged at 40,000×g for 12 min and the resulting pellet rehomogenized in 10 ml of tissue buffer. After another centrifugation at 40,000×g for 12 min, the pellet is resuspended to a protein concentration of 360 μg/ml to be used in the assay.

Binding assays are performed in 96 well plates; each well having a 300 μl capacity. To each well is added 50 μl of test drug dilutions (final concentration of drugs range from 10−¹⁰-10−⁵ M), 100 μl of ¹²⁵I-ovine-CRF (¹²⁵I-o-CRF) (final concentration 150 pM) and 150 μl of the cell homogenate described above. Plates are then allowed to incubate at room temperature for 2 hours before filtering the incubate over GF/F filters (presoaked with 0.3% polyethyleneimine) using an appropriate cell harvester. Filters are rinsed 2 times with ice cold assay buffer before removing individual filters and assessing them for radioactivity on a gamma counter.

Curves of the inhibition of ¹²⁵I-o-CRF binding to cell membranes at various dilutions of test drug are analyzed by the iterative curve fitting program LIGAND [P. J. Munson and D. Rodbard, Anal. Biochem. 107:220 (1980)], which provides Ki values for inhibition which are then used to assess biological activity.

A compound is considered to be active if it has a K_(i) value of less than about 10000 nM for the inhibition of CRF.

Alternatively, tissues and cells which naturally express CRF receptors can be employed in binding assays analogous to those described above.

Inhibition of CRF-Stimulatd Adenylate Cyclase Activity

Inhibition of CRF-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity can be performed as described by G. Battaglia et al. Synapse 1:572 (1987). Briefly, assays are carried out at 370° C. for 10 min in 200 ml of buffer containing 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4 at 37° C. ), 10 mM MgCl₂, 0.4 mM EGTA, 0.1% BSA, 1 mM isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX), 250 units/ml phosphocreatine kinase, 5 mM creatine phosphate, 100 mM guanosine 5′-triphosphate, 100 nM oCRF, antagonist peptides (concentration range 10⁻⁹ to 10^(−6m)) and 0.8 mg original wet weight tissue (approximately 40-60 mg protein). Reactions are initiated by the addition of 1 mM ATP/[³²P]ATP (approximately 2-4 mCi/tube) and terminated by the addition of 100 ml of 50 mM Tris-HCL, 45 mM ATP and 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate. In order to monitor the recovery of CAMP, 1 μl of [³H]cAMP (approximately 40,000 dpm) is added to each tube prior to separation. The separation of [³²P]cAMP from [³²P]ATP is performed by sequential elution over Dowex and alumina columns.

In vivo Biological Assay

The in vivo activity of the compounds of the present invention can be assessed using any one of the biological assays available and accepted within the art. Illustrative of these tests include the Acoustic Startle Assay, the Stair Climbing Test, and the Chronic Administration Assay. These and other models useful for the testing of compounds of the present invention have been outlined in C. W. Berridge and A. J. Dunn Brain Research Reviews 15:71 (1990). Compounds may be tested in any species of rodent or small mammal.

Dosage and Formulation

Compounds of this invention can be administered to treat these abnormalities by means that produce contact of the active agent with the agent's site of action in the body of a mammal. The compounds can be administered by any conventional means available for use in conjunction with pharmaceuticals either as individual therapeutic agent or in combination of therapeutic agents. They can be administered alone, but will generally be administered with a pharmaceutical carrier selected on the basis of the chosen route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice.

The dosage administered will vary depending on the use and known factors such as pharmacodynamic character of the particular agent, and its mode and route of administration; the recipient's age, weight, and health; nature and extent of symptoms; kind of concurrent treatment; frequency of treatment; and desired effect. For use in the treatment of said diseases or conditions, the compounds of this invention can be orally administered daily at a dosage of the active ingredient of 0.002 to 200 mg/kg of body weight. Ordinarily, a dose of 0.01 to 10 mg/kg in divided doses one to four times a day, or in sustained release formulation will be effective in obtaining the desired pharmacological effect.

Dosage forms (compositions) suitable for administration contain from about 1 mg to about 100 mg of active ingredient per unit. In these pharmaceutical compositions, the active ingredient will ordinarily be present in an amount of about 0.5 to 95% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

The active ingredient can be administered orally is solid dosage forms, such as capsules, tablets and powders; or in liquid forms such as elixirs, syrups, and/or suspensions. The compounds of this invention can also be administered parenterally in sterile liquid dose formulations.

Gelatin capsules can be used to contain the active ingredient and a suitable carrier such as but not limited to lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, steric acid, or cellulose derivatives. Similar diluents can be used to make compressed tablets. Both tablets and capsules can be manufactured as sustained release products to provide for continuous release of medication over a period of time. Compressed tablets can be sugar-coated or film-coated to mask any unpleasant taste, or used to protect the active ingredients from the atmosphere, or to allow selective disintegration of the tablet in the gastrointestinal tract.

Liquid dose forms for oral administration can contain coloring or flavoring agents to increase patient acceptance.

In general, water, pharmaceutically acceptable oils, saline, aqueous dextrose (glucose), and related sugar solutions and glycols, such as propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol, are suitable carriers for parenteral solutions. Solutions for parenteral administration preferably contain a water soluble salt of the active ingredient, suitable stabilizing agents, and if necessary, butter substances. Antioxidizing agents, such as sodium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, or ascorbic acid, either alone or in combination, are suitable stabilizing agents. Also used are citric acid and its salts, and EDTA. In addition, parenteral solutions can contain preservatives such as benzalkonium chloride, methyl- or propyl-paraben, and chiorobutanol.

Suitable pharmaceutical carriers are described in “Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences”, A. Osol, a standard reference in the field.

Useful pharmaceutical dosage-forms for administration of the compounds of this invention can be illustrated as follows:

Capsules

A large number of unit s capsules are prepared by filling standard two-piece hard gelatin capsules each with 100 mg of powdered active ingredient, 150 mg lactose, 50 mg cellulose, and 6 mg magnesium stearate.

Soft Gelatin Capsules

A mixture of active ingredient in a digestible oil such as soybean, cottonseed oil, or olive oil is prepared and injected by means of a positive displacement was pumped into gelatin to form soft gelatin capsules containing 100 mg of the active ingredient. The capsules were washed and dried.

Tablets

A large number of tablets are prepared by conventional procedures so that the dosage unit was 100 mg active ingredient, 0.2 mg of colloidal silicon dioxide, 5 mg of magnesium stearate, 275 mg of microcrystalline cellulose, 11 mg of starch, and 98.8 mg lactose. Appropriate coatings may be applied to increase palatability or delayed adsorption.

The compounds of this invention may also be used as reagents or standards in the biochemical study of neurological function, dysfunction, and disease.

Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise that as specifically described herein. 

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letter Patent of United States is:
 1. A compound of formula (I)

or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein: D is an aryl or heteroaryl group attached through an unsaturated carbon atom; X is selected from the group CH—R⁹, N—R¹⁰, O, S(O)_(n) and a bond; n is 0, 1 or 2; R¹ is selected from the group C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkynyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, —SO₂—C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, —SO₂—R^(1a), and —SO₂—R^(1b); R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —CO₂R^(13a), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —CONR^(13a)R^(16a), 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, —NR^(13a)—, —NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—, and wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b); R¹ is also substituted with 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), R^(1c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 R⁹ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—; provided that R¹ is other than a cyclohexyl-(CH₂)₂— group; R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-1 —OR¹⁷ and 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a); R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-onyl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a) and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b); R^(1c) is heterocyclyl and is a saturated or partially saturated heteroaryl, each heterocyclyl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR^(13a), SH, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —OC(O)R^(14b), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), and —CONR^(13a)R^(16a) and each heterocyclyl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b) and wherein any sulfur atom is optionally monooxidized or dioxidized; provided that R¹ is other than a —(CH₂)₁₋₄-aryl, —(CH₂)₁₋₄-heteroaryl, or —(CH₂)₁₋₄-heterocycle, wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocycle group is substituted or unsubstituted; R² is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl and is substituted with 0-3 substituents selected from the group —CN, hydroxy, halo and C₁₋₄ alkoxy; alternatively R², in the case where X is a bond, is selected from the group —CN, CF₃ and C₂F₅; R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, amino, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino and phenyl, each phenyl is substituted with 0-3 groups selected from the group C₁₋₇ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkyl sulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, C₁₋₆ alkylamino and (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino; R⁹ and R¹⁰ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl; R¹³ is selected from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-; R^(13a) and R^(16a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl; R¹⁴ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)- and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino; R^(14a) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino; R^(14b) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl; R¹⁵ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl and benzyl, each phenyl or benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-3 groups chosen from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino; R^(15a) is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl; R¹⁷ is selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, R¹⁴S(O)_(n)—C₁₋₄ alkyl, and R^(17b) R^(19b)N—C₂₋₄ alkyl; R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl; alternatively, in an NR¹⁷R¹⁹ moiety, R¹⁷ and R¹⁹ taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴; alternatively, in an NR^(17b)R^(19b) moiety, R^(17b) and R^(19b) taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴; R^(17a) and R^(19a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl; aryl is independently selected at each occurrence from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each aryl being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylenedioxy, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —OR¹⁷, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —NO₂, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and up to 1 phenyl, each phenyl substituent being substituted with 0-4 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, dimethylamino, CF₃, C₂F₅, OCF₃, SO₂Me and acetyl; heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹⁵, CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14a) and SO₂R^(14a); and, provided that when D is imidazole or triazole, R¹ is other than unsubstituted C₁₋₆ linear or branched alkyl or C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl.
 2. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising: a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I):

or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein: D is an aryl or heteroaryl group attached through an unsaturated carbon atom; X is selected from the group CH—R⁹, N—R¹⁰, O, S(O)_(n) and a bond; n is 0, 1 or 2; R¹ is selected from the group C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkynyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, —SO₂—C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, —SO₂—R^(1a), and —SO₂—R^(1b); R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —CO₂R^(13a), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —CONR^(13a)R^(16a), 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, —NR^(13a)—, —NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—, and wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b); R¹ is also substituted with 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), R^(1c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 R⁹ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—; R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a); R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-onyl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19 a)and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b); R^(1c) is heterocyclyl and is a saturated or partially saturated heteroaryl, each heterocyclyl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR^(13a), SH, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —OC(O)R^(14b), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), and —CONR^(13a)R^(16a) and each heterocyclyl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b) and wherein any sulfur atom is optionally monooxidized or dioxidized; R² is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl and is substituted with 0-3 substituents selected from the group —CN, hydroxy, halo and C₁₋₄ alkoxy; alternatively R², in the case where X is a bond, is selected from the group —CN, CF₃ and C₂F₅; R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, amino, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino and phenyl, each phenyl is substituted with 0-3 groups selected from the group C₁₋₇ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkyl sulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, C₁₋₆ alkylamino and (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino; R⁹ and R¹⁰ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl; R¹³ is selected from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-; R^(13a) and R^(16a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl; R¹⁴ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)- and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino; R^(14a) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino; R^(14b) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl; R¹⁵ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl and benzyl, each phenyl or benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-3 groups chosen from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino; R^(15a) is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl; R¹⁷ is selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, R¹⁴S(O)_(n)—C₁₋₄ alkyl, and R^(17b)R^(19b)N—C₂₋₄ alkyl; R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl; alternatively, in an NR¹⁷R¹⁹ moiety, R¹⁷ and R¹⁹ taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴; alternatively, in an NR^(17b)R^(19b) moiety, R^(17b) and R^(19b) taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴; R^(17a) and R^(19a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl; aryl is independently selected at each occurrence from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each aryl being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylenedioxy, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —OR¹⁷, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —NO₂, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and up to 1 phenyl, each phenyl substituent being substituted with 0-4 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, dimethylamino, CF₃, C₂F₅, OCF₃, SO₂Me and acetyl; and, heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹⁵, CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14a) and SO₂R^(14a).
 3. A method of treating affective disorder, anxiety, depression, headache, irritable bowel syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, supranuclear palsy, immune suppression, Alzheimer's disease, gastrointestinal diseases, anorexia nervosa, drug addiction, drug or alcohol withdrawal symptoms, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular or heart-related diseases, human immunodeficiency virus infections, hemorrhagic stress, obesity, infertility, head and spinal cord traumas, epilepsy, stroke, ulcers, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, hypoglycemia or a disorder the treatment of which can be effected or facilitated by antagonizing corticotropin releasing factor in mammals, comprising: administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I):

or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein: D is an aryl or heteroaryl group attached through an unsaturated carbon atom; X is selected from the group CH—R⁹, N—R¹⁰, O, S(O)_(n) and a bond; n is 0, 1 or 2; R¹ is selected from the group C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀ alkynyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, —SO₂—C₁₋₁₀ alkyl, —SO₂—R^(1a), and —SO₂—R^(1b); R¹ is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group —CN, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —CO₂R^(13a), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —CONR^(13a)R^(16a), 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl, 1-piperazinyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, wherein 0-1 carbon atoms in the C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by a group selected from the group —O—, —S(O)_(n)—, —NR^(13a), —NCO₂R^(14b)—, —NCOR^(14b)— and —NSO₂R^(14b)—, and wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b); R¹ is also substituted with 0-3 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group R^(1a), R^(1b), R^(1c), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —OR^(13a), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl which is substituted with 0-1 R⁹ and in which 0-1 carbons of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl is replaced by —O—; R^(1a) is aryl and is selected from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each R^(1a) being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a); R^(1b) is heteroaryl and is selected from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-onyl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR^(15a)COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(17a)R^(19a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R¹⁸, —NR^(17a)R^(19a), and —CONR^(17a)R^(19a) and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(15a), CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b); R^(1c) is heterocyclyl and is a saturated or partially saturated heteroaryl, each heterocyclyl being substituted on 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR^(13a), SH, —S(O)_(n)R^(14b), —COR^(13a), —OC(O)R^(14b), —NR^(15a)COR^(13a), —N(COR^(13a))₂, —NR^(15a)CONR^(13a)R^(16a), —NR^(15a)CO₂R^(14b), —NR^(13a)R^(16a), and —CONR^(13a)R^(16a) and each heterocyclyl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R^(13a), CO₂R^(14b), COR^(14b) and SO₂R^(14b) and wherein any sulfur atom is optionally monooxidized or dioxidized; R² is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₂₋₄ alkenyl, and C₂₋₄ alkynyl and is substituted with 0-3 substituents selected from the group —CN, hydroxy, halo and C₁₋₄ alkoxy; alternatively R², in the case where X is a bond, is selected from the group —CN, CF₃ and C₂F₅; R⁷ and R⁸ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, amino, C₁₋₄ alkylamino, (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino and phenyl, each phenyl is substituted with 0-3 groups selected from the group C₁₋₇ alkyl, C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, C₁₋₄ alkylthio, C₁₋₄ alkyl sulfinyl, C₁₋₄ alkylsulfonyl, C₁₋₆ alkylamino and (C₁₋₄ alkyl)₂amino; R⁹ and R¹⁰ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₄ alkyl and C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl; R¹³ is selected from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-; R^(13a) and R^(16a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl; R¹⁴ is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, aryl, aryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)-, heteroaryl and heteroaryl(C₁₋₄ alkyl)- and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino; R^(14a) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and benzyl, each benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-1 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino; R^(14b) is selected from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl; R¹⁵ is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl and benzyl, each phenyl or benzyl being substituted on the aryl moiety with 0-3 groups chosen from the group C₁₋₄ alkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, nitro, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, C₁₋₄ haloalkoxy, and dimethylamino; R^(15a) is independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₃₋₇ cycloalkyl, and C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl; R¹⁷ is selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, R¹⁴S(O)_(n)—C₁₋₄ alkyl, and R^(17b)R^(19b)N—C₂₋₄ alkyl; R¹⁸ and R¹⁹ are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ alkoxy-C₁₋₂ alkyl, and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl; alternatively, in an NR¹⁷R¹⁹ moiety, R¹⁷ and R¹⁹ taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴; alternatively, in an NR^(17b)R^(19b) moiety, R^(17b) and R^(19b) taken together form 1-pyrrolidinyl, 1-morpholinyl, 1-piperidinyl or 1-piperazinyl, wherein N₄ in 1-piperazinyl is substituted with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹³, CO₂R¹⁴, COR¹⁴ and SO₂R¹⁴; R^(17a) and R^(19a) are independently selected at each occurrence from the group H, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₁₀ cycloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₄ haloalkyl; aryl is independently selected at each occurrence from the group phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl and indenyl, each aryl being substituted with 0-5 substituents independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylenedioxy, C₁₋₄ alkoxy-C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —OR¹⁷, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, —NO₂, SH, —S(O)_(n)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and up to 1 phenyl, each phenyl substituent being substituted with 0-4 substituents selected from the group C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₃ alkoxy, Br, Cl, F, I, —CN, dimethylamino, CF₃, C₂F₅, OCF₃, SO₂Me and acetyl; and, heteroaryl is independently selected at each occurence from the group pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, indolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indazolyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-oxide, 2,3-dihydrobenzothienyl-S-dioxide, indolinyl, benzoxazolin-2-on-yl, benzodioxolanyl and benzodioxane, each heteroaryl being substituted 0-4 carbon atoms with a substituent independently selected at each occurrence from the group C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, Br, Cl, F, I, C₁₋₄ haloalkyl, —CN, nitro, —OR¹⁷, SH, —S(O)_(m)R¹⁸, —COR¹⁷, —CO₂R¹⁷, —OC(O)R¹⁸, —NR¹⁵COR¹⁷, —N(COR¹⁷)₂, —NR¹⁵CONR¹⁷R¹⁹, —NR¹⁵CO₂R¹⁸, —NR¹⁷R¹⁹, and —CONR¹⁷R¹⁹ and each heteroaryl being substituted on any nitrogen atom with 0-1 substituents selected from the group R¹⁵, CO₂R^(14a), COR^(14a) and SO₂R^(14a). 